ArticleJournal of autism and developmental disorders2022
Association Between Exposure of Children to General Anesthesia and Autism Spectrum Disorder.
Article in Journal of autism and developmental disorders, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Effect of Anesthesia During Pregnancy, Delivery, and Childhood on Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2024Pooled it
- General anesthesia in children and long-term neurodevelopmental deficits: A systematic review.Frontiers in molecular neuroscience · 2022Pooled it
- Sevoflurane, but not alphaxalone, causes lasting autism spectrum disorder-like pathology in male mice after exposure occurs during synaptogenesis.Neuropharmacology · 2026Article
- Exposure to anesthesia during delivery and risk of autism spectrum disorder: A retrospective cohort study.Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica · 2026Article
- Association between anesthetics and autism spectrum disorder: from bench to bedside.Journal of anesthesia · 2025Review
- Effects of Cohabitation on Neurodevelopmental Outcomes in Rats Discordant for Neonatal Exposure to Sevoflurane.Biological psychiatry global open science · 2024Article
- Association between general anesthesia in early childhood and neurodevelopment up to 4 years of age: the Japan Environment and Children's Study.Journal of anesthesia · 2024Article
- DNA Methylation in Autism Spectrum Disorders: Biomarker or Pharmacological Target?Brain sciences · 2024Review
- Multiple Exposures to Sevoflurane General Anesthesia During Pregnancy Inhibit CaMKII/CREB Axis by Downregulating HCN2 to Induce an Autism-Like Phenotype in Offspring Mice.Journal of molecular neuroscience : MN · 2024Article
- Childhood anaesthesia and autism risk: population and murine study.Brain communications · 2024Article
- The Role of Neuroactive Steroids in Analgesia and Anesthesia: An Interesting Comeback?Biomolecules · 2023Review
- Neonatal sevoflurane exposure induces long-term changes in dendritic morphology in juvenile rats and mice.Experimental biology and medicine (Maywood, N.J.) · 2023Article
- Controversies in anesthesia-induced developmental neurotoxicity.Best practice & research. Clinical anaesthesiology · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
Abstract
This study tested the hypothesis that exposure of children prior to their third birthday to procedures requiring general anesthesia is associated with an increased incidence of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in later life. This study employed a nested, 1:2 matched-case control study design using ASD cases identified in a population-based birth cohort of children born in Olmsted County, MN from 1976 to 2000. Matching variables included sex, date of birth, and mother's age in conditional logistic regression including 499 ASD cases and 998 controls. After adjusting for birth weight and health status, there was no significant association between exposure and ASD (OR 1.27 [95% CI 0.92-1.76]), indicating that general anesthesia is not associated with an increased risk of ASD.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.