ArticleWorkplace health & safety2022
"We All Held Our Own": Job Demands and Resources at Individual, Leader, Group, and Organizational Levels During COVID-19 Outbreak in Health Care. A Multi-Source Qualitative Study.
Article in Workplace health & safety, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- Three years of pandemic stress and staffing challenges: a retrospective qualitative study of COVID-19 impacts on frontline healthcare workers' mental health and wellbeing.BMC psychiatry · 2025Article
- Psychosocial Work Factors, Job Stress, and Self-Rated Health Among Hotel Housekeepers.Workplace health & safety · 2025Article
- The Impact of Digitalization and Information and Communication Technology on the Nature and Organization of Work and the Emerging Challenges for Occupational Safety and Health.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Review
- "Hey, can I go home?": a qualitative case study of wellbeing and the work environment in surgical training.Korean journal of medical education · 2024Article
- Towards an assessment of psychosocial work factors in a multi-level mental health intervention in the workplace: results from the MENTUPP pilot-study.International archives of occupational and environmental health · 2024Article
- "The magic triangle between bed, office, couch": a qualitative exploration of job demands, resources, coping, and the role of leadership in remote work during the COVID-19 pandemic.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Qualitative interview study of strategies to support healthcare personnel mental health through an occupational health lens.BMJ open · 2024Article
- Analysis of influencing factors of job demands of healthcare workers working in mobile cabin hospitals in China.Nursing open · 2023Article
- Hidden and Understaffed: Exploring Canadian Medical Laboratory Technologists' Pandemic Stressors and Lessons Learned.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- What helps hospital staff in times of crisis: qualitative results of a survey on psychosocial resources and stressors in German hospitals during the COVID-19 pandemic.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
- Exploring Managerial Job Demands and Resources in Transition to Distance Management: A Qualitative Danish Case Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Burnout among Health Care Professionals during COVID-19.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- The Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of the Productivity Measurement and Enhancement System Intervention to Reduce Employee Work-Related Stress and Enhance Work Performance.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Return to Work during the COVID-19 Outbreak: A Study on the Role of Job Demands, Job Resources, and Personal Resources upon the Administrative Staff of Italian Public Universities.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Within- and between-person changes in work practice and experiences due to COVID-19: Lessons learned from employees working from home, hybrid working, and working at the office.Frontiers in psychology · 2022Article
- Under pressure - The working situation of Swedish healthcare managers during the first wave of COVID-19.Frontiers in psychology · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundInterventions tackling COVID-19 impact on health care workers' mental health would benefit from being informed by validated and integrated assessment frameworks. This study aimed to explore the fitness of integrating the Job Demands-Resources (JD-R) model and the Individual-Group-Leader-Organization (IGLO) framework to investigate the pandemic's impact on health care workers' mental health.
methodsQualitative data were collected via 21 semi-structured interviews with senior and middle managers and four focus groups with employees (doctors, nurses, health care assistants) from three areas (Department of Emergency, Department of Medicine, Research Institute of Neuroscience) of a large health care institution facing the first wave of COVID-19. NVivo deductive content analysis of text data was performed.
findingsSeveral COVID-19-related job demands and resources were found at IGLO levels. Individual-level demands included emotional load, while resources included resilience and motivation. Group-level demands included social distancing, while resources included team support and cohesion. Leader-level demands included managers' workload, while resources included leader support. Organizational-level demands included work reorganization, while resources included mental health initiatives. CONCLUSIONS/APPLICATION TO PRACTICE: Integrating JD-R and IGLO proved feasible, as job demands and resources could be categorized according to the individual, group, leader, and organization framework. The findings expand previous studies by filling the lack of knowledge on how job demands and resources might unfold at different workplace levels during a pandemic. Results provide unit-level evidence for designing and implementing multilevel interventions to manage health care workers' mental health during COVID-19 and future pandemics. Our findings offer occupational health practitioners a suitable approach to perform workplace mental health assessment activities.
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