ArticleClinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America2022
Mortality, Length of Stay, and Healthcare Costs Associated With Multidrug-Resistant Bacterial Infections Among Elderly Hospitalized Patients in the United States.
Article in Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04502563 (Continuous Wearable Monitoring Analytics to Improve Outcomes in Heart Failure - LINK-HF2 Multicenter Implementation Study), which is not on this map. Cited by 60 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Continuous Wearable Monitoring Analytics to Improve Outcomes in Heart Failure - LINK-HF2 Multicenter Implementation Study
Who cites it
60 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- The Economics of Antibiotic Resistance: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Based on Global Research.Applied health economics and health policy · 2026Pooled it
- The global prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus colonization in residents of elderly care centers: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Antimicrobial resistance and infection control · 2023Pooled it
- Electronic Clinical Quality Measures of Antibiotic Use in Hospitalized Adults With Uncomplicated Community-Acquired Pneumonia.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2026Article
- A custom GPT-based model for the automated analysis and interpretation of antimicrobial susceptibility tests in Gram-negative bacteria.JAC-antimicrobial resistance · 2026Article
- The burden of antimicrobial-resistant bacterial infections: a causal perspective.Nature communications · 2026Review
- Epidemiological trends of multidrug-resistant organisms in a tertiary-care pediatric hospital, 2017-2023.Italian journal of pediatrics · 2026Article
- Ceftazidime-avibactam for multidrug-resistant gram-negative infections: outcomes and timing of initiation across 22 U.S. medical centers.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2026Article
- Secondary Metabolites from Diaporthe eres SK3, an Endophytic Fungus of Sellaginella kraussiana Sw. Collected from the Northeast Indian Hills, Exhibits Potential in Vitro Bioactivities.Current microbiology · 2026Article
- Biochemical effects of personalized clinical interventions on hepatorenal function, immune response, and inflammatory markers in patients with infections.Journal of medical biochemistry · 2026Article
- Eravacycline as Salvage Therapy for Severe Intra-Abdominal Infections Caused by Multidrug-ResistantAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- A Real-World Study on Medical Resource Consumption in Multidrug-Resistant Organism Infections Under the DRG Payment Model.Risk management and healthcare policy · 2026Article
- Trends and correlations of infection rates and drug resistance of Escherichia coli among ICU and Non-ICU patients in Guizhou, China.PloS one · 2026Article
- Proteome-wide remodelling in Klebsiella pneumoniae during step-wise adaptive evolution against colistin.PloS one · 2026Article
- Economic burden of hospital-acquired multidrug-resistant organism infections in patients undergoing gastrointestinal surgery: a bootstrap-based retrospective cohort study.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Explainable Machine Learning Integrating Patient and Environmental Factors for Predicting Multidrug-Resistant Organism Colonization or Infection on ICU Admission.Infection and drug resistance · 2026Article
- Costs Associated with Failure of Vancomycin Treatment for Pneumonia and Bacteremia Due to Methicillin-ResistantThe Canadian journal of hospital pharmacy · 2026Article
- A bacteriophage genus infects carbapenem resistantiScience · 2025Article
- Decoding GuaB: Machine Learning-Powered Discovery of Enzyme Inhibitors Against the SuperbugPharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Respiratory Microbiome of Carbapenem-ResistantPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Combined antibacterial effect of essential oils from three Indian medicinal plants and antibiotic tetracycline on MRSA using simplex centroid mixture design.Scientific reports · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThis study reports estimates of the healthcare costs, length of stay, and mortality associated with infections due to multidrug-resistant bacteria among elderly individuals in the United States.
methodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort analysis of patients aged ≥65 admitted for inpatient stays in the Department of Veterans Affairs healthcare system between 1/2007-12/2018. We identified those with positive cultures for multidrug-resistant bacteria and matched each infected patient to ≤10 control patients. We then performed multivariable regression models to estimate the attributable cost and mortality due to the infection. We also constructed multistate models to estimate the attributable length of stay due to the infection. Finally, we multiplied these pathogen-specific attributable cost, length of stay, and mortality estimates by national case counts from hospitalized patients in 2017.
resultsOur cohort consisted of 87 509 patients with infections and 835 048 matched controls. Costs were higher for hospital-onset invasive infections, with attributable costs ranging from $22 293 (95% confidence interval: $19 101-$24 485) for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) to $57 390 ($34 070-$80 710) for carbapenem-resistant (CR) Acinetobacter. Similarly, for hospital-onset invasive infections, attributable mortality estimates ranged from 14.2% (12.2-16.2%) for MRSA to 24.1% (12.1-36.0%) for CR Acinetobacter. The aggregate cost of these infections was an estimated $1.9 billion ($1.3 billion-$2.5 billion) with 11 852 (8719-14 985) deaths and 448 224 (354 513-541 934) inpatient days in 2017.
conclusionsEfforts to prevent these infections due to multidrug-resistant bacteria could save a significant number of lives and healthcare resources.
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