Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34616981›Full record

ArticleAEM education and training2021

Teaching emergency medicine residents health equity through simulation immersion.

Jacqueline Ward-Gaines, Jennie A Buchanan, Christy Angerhofer, Taylor McCormick, Kirsten J Broadfoot, Elshimaa Basha, Jocelyn Blake, Brena Jones, W Gannon Sungar

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in AEM education and training, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
23citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

23 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Jacqueline Ward-GainesDepartment of Emergency Medicine University of Colorado School of Medicine Aurora Colorado USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2115-5872
Jennie A BuchananDepartment of Emergency Medicine University of Colorado School of Medicine Aurora Colorado USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9855-8915
Christy AngerhoferSchool of Medicine Aurora University of Colorado Denver Colorado USA.
Taylor McCormickDepartment of Emergency Medicine University of Colorado School of Medicine Aurora Colorado USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0355-6317
Kirsten J BroadfootDepartment of Emergency Medicine & University of Colorado Department of Emergency Medicine Denver Denver Health & Hospital Authority Denver Colorado USA.
Elshimaa BashaDepartment of Family Medicine Center for Advancing Professional Excellence (CAPE) Communication Skills Development University of Colorado Aurora Denver Colorado USA.
Jocelyn BlakeDepartment of Family Medicine Center for Advancing Professional Excellence (CAPE) Communication Skills Development University of Colorado Aurora Denver Colorado USA.
Brena JonesDepartment of Family Medicine Center for Advancing Professional Excellence (CAPE) Communication Skills Development University of Colorado Aurora Denver Colorado USA.
W Gannon SungarDepartment of Emergency Medicine University of Colorado School of Medicine Aurora Colorado USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9444-1717

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveOur aim was to conduct a large, case-based diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) simulation exercise with a goal to improve the DEI pillars of cultural and structural awareness for residents.

methodsUtilizing data resulting in poor health outcomes, the top eight themes were utilized, and via a modified Delphi approach, a diverse group of faculty developed representative cases. A mass simulation effort was organized with the assistance of our local simulation office. Twenty residents in groups of two to three rotated through all scenarios. Each resident group was allotted 15 min for each scenario. After each case, resident teams received feedback from standardized patients and a debrief together with the simulation directors. Pre- and postsimulation surveys were developed and distributed to residents.

resultsTwenty residents completed the simulation. Eighteen completed a pre- and postsimulation survey. Every resident rated the overall usefulness of this activity as a 5.0 on a scale of 1 to 5 with 5 being the highest score. All cases demonstrated an improvement in the residents perceived confidence on a 9-point Likert scale. All residents reported improved understanding of key concepts in health care disparities as related to race/ethnicity, homelessness, LGBTQIA, and their own biases. The largest improvement was seen in the overarching theme of "difficult conversations" with a presimulation survey mean of 3.9 and postsimulation survey mean of 6.5 (delta = +2.6, 95% confidence interval = 1.9 to 3.3,

conclusionsEmergency medicine residency programs must fulfill their obligation to DEI efforts and national requirements while ensuring competency clinically. Mass simulation exercises are a way to incorporate this training. This preliminary data shows promise for a solution and can be easily duplicated. Diversity, health equity, inclusivity, and cultural humility can be effectively taught by an innovative mass simulation effort.

Identifiers

PMID34616981
PMCPMC8480476

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.