Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34616153›Full record

ArticleBreast cancer : basic and clinical research2021

Association of Sociodemographic Factors, Breast Cancer Fear, and Perceived Self-Efficacy With Breast Cancer Screening Behaviors Among Middle-Aged Nigerian Women.

Rita Ngozi Ezema, Charles Chima Igbokwe, Tochi Emmanuel Iwuagwu, Olaoluwa Samson Agbaje, Justina Ifeoma Ofuebe, Lawretta Ijeoma Abugu, Dorothy Doris Eze, Yohanna Wamanyi

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Breast cancer : basic and clinical research, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
0.4field-weighted citation impact, top 34% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed, 11 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Rita Ngozi EzemaDepartment of Human Kinetics and Health Education, Faculty of Education, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nsukka, Nigeria.
Charles Chima IgbokweDepartment of Human Kinetics and Health Education, Faculty of Education, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nsukka, Nigeria.
Tochi Emmanuel IwuagwuDepartment of Human Kinetics and Health Education, Faculty of Education, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nsukka, Nigeria.
Olaoluwa Samson AgbajeDepartment of Human Kinetics and Health Education, Faculty of Education, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nsukka, Nigeria.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4332-3451
Justina Ifeoma OfuebeDepartment of Human Kinetics and Health Education, Faculty of Education, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nsukka, Nigeria.
Lawretta Ijeoma AbuguDepartment of Human Kinetics and Health Education, Faculty of Education, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nsukka, Nigeria.
Dorothy Doris EzeDepartment of Human Kinetics and Health Education, Faculty of Education, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nsukka, Nigeria.
Yohanna WamanyiDepartment of Human Kinetics and Health Education, Faculty of Education, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nsukka, Nigeria.
University of Nigeria · NG

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionBreast cancer (BC) is a major public health problem among women. However, BC screening uptake is abysmally low among Nigerian women. This study evaluated the association of BC fear and perceived self-efficacy with BC screening (clinical breast exam [CBE] and mammography) among middle-aged Nigerian women.

methodsA community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among middle-aged women in Enugu State, southeast Nigeria. The data were collected between September 2019 and February 2020. The BC screening uptake, fear, and self-efficacy were assessed using the validated Breast Cancer Screening Questionnaire (BCSQ), Champion Breast Cancer Fear Scale (CBCFS), and Champion's Mammography Self-Efficacy Scale (CMSES). Data were analyzed using frequencies and percentages, chi-square test, and univariate analysis of variance. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression models were used to examine independent associations between selected sociodemographic factors, cancer fear, perceived self-efficacy, and BC screening.

resultsThe mean age of the participants was 55.3 years (SD: 5.75). More than half of the women (51%) reported having a BC screening in the past 12 months. However, only 12.5% and 16.9% reported having a CBE or mammogram in the past 12 months. The prevalence of a high, moderate, and low level of fear was 68%, 22.3%, and 9.8%, respectively. The prevalence of a high, moderate, and low self-efficacy level was 50.6%, 37.5%, and 12.0%, respectively. The multivariable logistics regression analysis showed that women aged 50-59 years and 60-64 years were 3.5 times (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 3.50, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.07-5.89,

conclusionA low proportion of women underwent CBE or mammography. Women had a high level of BC fear and a moderate level of self-efficacy for BC screening. The findings emphasize the need for health educational and psychosocial interventions that improve self-efficacy and promote regular BC screening among middle-aged women.

Indexed as

Breast cancer screeningclinical breast examinationfearmammographyself-efficacy

Identifiers

PMID34616153
PMCPMC8488520
OpenAlexW3201806321

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.