Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34614389›Full record

ArticleCurrent biology : CB2021

Distinct "driving" versus "modulatory" influences of different visual corticothalamic pathways.

Megan A Kirchgessner, Alexis D Franklin, Edward M Callaway

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Current biology : CB, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
20citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

20 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Individual Pulvinar Neurons Integrate Cortical and Subcortical Signals.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2026
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Layer 6 Corticothalamic Neurons Induce High Gamma Oscillations Through Cortico-cortical and Cortico-thalamo-cortical Pathways.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2025
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Complementary Organization of Mouse Driver and Modulator Cortico-thalamo-cortical Circuits.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2025
    Article
  8. Transthalamic Pathways for Cortical Function.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2024
    Review
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Recurrent Circuits Amplify Corticofugal Signals and Drive Feedforward Inhibition in the Inferior Colliculus.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2023
    Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Conserved patterns of functional organization between cortex and thalamus in mice.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2022
    Article
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Megan A KirchgessnerSystems Neurobiology Laboratories, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Neurosciences Graduate Program, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
Alexis D FranklinSystems Neurobiology Laboratories, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
Edward M CallawaySystems Neurobiology Laboratories, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Neurosciences Graduate Program, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA. Electronic address: callaway@salk.edu.

Funding

Local Connections of Inhibitory Cortical NeuronsR01MH063912 · NIMH · SALK INSTITUTE FOR BIOLOGICAL STUDIES · PI CALLAWAY, EDWARD M · 2001 to 2020
$8.4M
Organization and Function of Visual Cortical Feedback SystemsR01EY022577 · NEI · SALK INSTITUTE FOR BIOLOGICAL STUDIES · PI EDWARD M CALLAWAY · 2012 to 2026
$8.0M
Neurosciences Graduate Training ProgramT32NS061847 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI Brenda L Bloodgood · 2008 to 2026
$7.7M
Functional characterization of distinct cortical inputs to higher-order visual thalamusF31EY028853 · NEI · SALK INSTITUTE FOR BIOLOGICAL STUDIES · PI KIRCHGESSNER, MEGAN ANNE · 2018 to 2020
$126k
NEI NIH HHS F31 EY028853NEI NIH HHS R01 EY022577NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH063912NINDS NIH HHS T32 NS061847
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Higher-order (HO) thalamic nuclei interact extensively and reciprocally with the cerebral cortex. These corticothalamic (CT) interactions are thought to be important for sensation and perception, attention, and many other important brain functions. CT projections to HO thalamic nuclei, such as the visual pulvinar, originate from two different excitatory populations in cortical layers 5 and 6, whereas first-order nuclei (such as the dorsolateral geniculate nucleus; dLGN) only receive layer 6 CT input. It has been proposed that these layer 5 and layer 6 CT pathways have different functional influences on the HO thalamus, but this has never been directly tested. By optogenetically inactivating different CT populations in the primary visual cortex (V1) and recording single-unit activity from V1, dLGN, and pulvinar of awake mice, we demonstrate that layer 5, but not layer 6, CT projections drive visual responses in the pulvinar, even while both pathways provide retinotopic, baseline excitation to their thalamic targets. Inactivating the superior colliculus also suppressed visual responses in the same subregion of the pulvinar, demonstrating that cortical layer 5 and subcortical inputs both contribute to HO visual thalamic activity-even at the level of putative single neurons. Altogether, these results indicate a functional division of "driver" and "modulator" CT pathways from V1 to the visual thalamus in vivo.

Indexed as

PulvinarVisual CortexAnimalsGeniculate BodiesMiceSuperior ColliculiVisual Pathwayscolliculuscorticothalamicoptogeneticspulvinarretinotopythalamusvisual cortex

Identifiers

PMID34614389
PMCPMC8665059

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.