ArticlePLoS neglected tropical diseases2021
Leishmania infantum xenodiagnosis from vertically infected dogs reveals significant skin tropism.
Article in PLoS neglected tropical diseases, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- A single-cell transcriptomic atlas of peripheral blood immune cells spanning progressive canine leishmaniosis.iScience · 2026Article
- Insights into animal reservoir hosts for the circulation ofOne health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2026Article
- Detection of Leishmania infantum DNA in captive wild mammals from an urban zoo in a visceral leishmaniasis-endemic area of Brazil.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2026Article
- Morphological aspects of the skin in felines with leishmaniasis: a histopathological study.Revista brasileira de parasitologia veterinaria = Brazilian journal of veterinary parasitology : Orgao Oficial do Colegio Brasileiro de Parasitologia Veterinaria · 2026Article
- A single-cell transcriptomic atlas of peripheral blood immune cells spanning progressive canine leishmaniosis.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Household risk factors associated with canine leishmaniasis in Fortaleza, northeastern Brazil: Environmental, social, dog characteristics, and exposure to canineOne health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2025Article
- Tick-borne coinfections modulate CD8Infection and immunity · 2025Article
- Rare detection of dermalParasite epidemiology and control · 2025Article
- Comparison of ELISA and IFAT for Leishmania infantum by European and Middle Eastern diagnostic laboratories.Parasites & vectors · 2024Article
- Dogs as Reservoirs for Leishmania donovani, Bihar, India, 2018-2022.Emerging infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Operational Risk Assessment Tool for Evaluating Leishmania infantum Introduction and Establishment in the United States through Dog ImportationEmerging infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Clinical anemia predicts dermal parasitism and reservoir infectiousness during progressive visceral leishmaniosis.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2024Article
- First detection of Leishmania major in dogs living in an endemic area of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis in Tunisia.Parasites & vectors · 2024Article
- Chronic High-Level Parasitemia in HIV-Infected Individuals With or Without Visceral Leishmaniasis in an Endemic Area in Northwest Ethiopia: Potential Superspreaders?Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2024Article
- Anatomical Vascular Differences andPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- A blinded, randomized and controlled multicenter clinical trial to assess the efficacy and safety of LeisguardParasites & vectors · 2023Article
- Developing diagnostic tools for canine periodontitis: combining molecular techniques and machine learning models.BMC veterinary research · 2023Article
- Modulation of Macrophage Redox and Apoptotic Processes toPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Livestock and rodents within an endemic focus of Visceral Leishmaniasis are not reservoir hosts for Leishmania donovani.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2022Article
- Canine Leishmaniasis: Update on Epidemiology, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prevention.Veterinary sciences · 2022Review
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundDogs are the primary reservoir for human visceral leishmaniasis due to Leishmania infantum. Phlebotomine sand flies maintain zoonotic transmission of parasites between dogs and humans. A subset of dogs is infected transplacentally during gestation, but at what stage of the clinical spectrum vertically infected dogs contribute to the infected sand fly pool is unknown. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL
findingsWe examined infectiousness of dogs vertically infected with L. infantum from multiple clinical states to the vector Lutzomyia longipalpis using xenodiagnosis and found that vertically infected dogs were infectious to sand flies at differing rates. Dogs with mild to moderate disease showed significantly higher transmission to the vector than dogs with subclinical or severe disease. We documented a substantial parasite burden in the skin of vertically infected dogs by RT-qPCR, despite these dogs not having received intradermal parasites via sand flies. There was a highly significant correlation between skin parasite burden at the feeding site and sand fly parasite uptake. This suggests dogs with high skin parasite burden contribute the most to the infected sand fly pool. Although skin parasite load and parasitemia correlated with one another, the average parasite number detected in skin was significantly higher compared to blood in matched subjects. Thus, dermal resident parasites were infectious to sand flies from dogs without detectable parasitemia. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: Together, our data implicate skin parasite burden and earlier clinical status as stronger indicators of outward transmission potential than blood parasite burden. Our studies of a population of dogs without vector transmission highlights the need to consider canine vertical transmission in surveillance and prevention strategies.
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