Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34613730›Full record

ArticleMolecular pharmaceutics2021

Impact of Simulated Intestinal Fluids on Dissolution, Solution Chemistry, and Membrane Transport of Amorphous Multidrug Formulations.

Mira El Sayed, Amjad Alhalaweh, Christel A S Bergström

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Molecular pharmaceutics, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
0.3field-weighted citation impact, top 48% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed, 6 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Mira El SayedDepartment of Pharmacy, Biomedical Centre, Uppsala University, P.O. Box 580, Uppsala SE-751 23, Sweden.ORCID 0000-0003-0314-9065
Amjad AlhalawehRecipharm OT Chemistry AB, Uppsala SE-754 50, Sweden.
Christel A S BergströmDepartment of Pharmacy, Biomedical Centre, Uppsala University, P.O. Box 580, Uppsala SE-751 23, Sweden.ORCID 0000-0002-8917-2612
Uppsala University · SERecipharm (Sweden) · SE

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The solution behavior and membrane transport of multidrug formulations were herein investigated in a biorelevant medium simulating fasted conditions. Amorphous multidrug formulations were prepared by the solvent evaporation method. Combinations of atazanavir (ATV) and ritonavir (RTV) and felodipine (FDN) and indapamide (IPM) were prepared and stabilized by a polymer for studying their dissolution (under non-sink conditions) and membrane transport in fasted state simulated intestinal fluid (FaSSIF). The micellar solubilization by FaSSIF enhanced the amorphous solubility of the drugs to different extents. Similar to buffer, the maximum achievable concentration of drugs in combination was reduced in FaSSIF, but the extent of reduction was affected by the degree of FaSSIF solubilization. Dissolution studies of ATV and IPM revealed that the amorphous solubility of these two drugs was not affected by FaSSIF solubilization. In contrast, RTV was significantly affected by FaSSIF solubilization with a 30% reduction in the maximum achievable concentration upon combination to ATV, compared to 50% reduction in buffer. This positive deviation by FaSSIF solubilization was not reflected in the mass transport-time profiles. Interestingly, FDN concentrations remain constant until the amount of IPM added was over 1000 μg/mL. No decrease in the membrane transport of FDN was observed for a 1:1 M ratio of FDN-IPM combination. This study demonstrates the importance of studying amorphous multidrug formulations under physiologically relevant conditions to obtain insights into the performance of these formulations after oral administration.

Indexed as

Administration, OralAtazanavir SulfateBody FluidsCell MembraneChemistry, PharmaceuticalDrug CombinationsFelodipineIndapamideIntestinesMembranes, ArtificialRitonavirSolubilityAtazanavir SulfateDrug CombinationsFelodipineIndapamideMembranes, ArtificialRitonaviramorphousFaSSIFfixed dose combinationfluxmembrane transportmultidrug formulationssolubilitysupersaturation

Identifiers

PMID34613730
PMCPMC8564758
OpenAlexW3202009051

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.