ArticleMicrobiology spectrum2021
The Short-Chain Fatty Acids Propionate and Butyrate Augment Adherent-Invasive Escherichia coli Virulence but Repress Inflammation in a Human Intestinal Enteroid Model of Infection.
Article in Microbiology spectrum, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 49 citations in OpenAlex.
- Current and emerging therapeutic strategies targeting adherent-invasive Escherichia coli in Crohn's disease: a review.Gut pathogens · 2026Review
- Article
- Gut microbiota dysbiosis and metabolic reprogramming in pediatric migraine: a multi-omics analysis revealing diagnostic biomarkers.The journal of headache and pain · 2026Article
- Cardiovascular risk in inflammatory bowel disease: focus on lipids and visceral adipose tissue.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Review
- Identification of strain-specific cues that regulate biofilm formation inMicrobiology spectrum · 2025Article
- Human intestinal enteroids: Nonclinical applications for predicting oral drug disposition, toxicity, and efficacy.Pharmacology & therapeutics · 2025Review
- Effect of increasing dietary isoacid levels on total tract and apparent ileal nutrient digestibility and fermentation products in growing pigs fed corn-soybean meal diets.Journal of animal science and biotechnology · 2025Article
- Quantifying the intra- and inter-species community interactions in microbiomes by dynamic covariance mapping.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Working together: gut microbe-microbe interactions shape host inflammation.Infection and immunity · 2025Review
- In Vivo Evidence on the Emerging Potential of Non-Digestible Oligosaccharides as Therapeutic Agents in Bacterial and Viral Infections.Nutrients · 2025Review
- The potential of the microbiome as a target for prevention and treatment of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae infections.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Review
- The molecular interplay among gut dysbiosis, adipose tissue, and metabolite-derived damage-associated molecular patterns in metainflammation and atherogenesis.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Polysaccharides fromHeliyon · 2024Article
- Infant and adult human intestinal enteroids are morphologically and functionally distinct.mBio · 2024Article
- Infection of mice by the enteroaggregative E. coli strain 042 and two mutant derivatives overexpressing virulence factors: impact on disease markers, gut microbiota and concentration of SCFAs in feces.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Advancements in understanding bacterial enteritis pathogenesis through organoids.Molecular biology reports · 2024Review
- Infant and Adult Human Intestinal Enteroids are Morphologically and Functionally Distinct.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Microencapsulated Sodium Butyrate Alleviates Immune Injury and Intestinal Problems Caused by Clostridium Perfringens through Gut Microbiota.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2023Article
- Review
- [Influence of enteral feeding initiation time on intestinal flora and metabolites in very low birth weight infants: a prospective study].Zhongguo dang dai er ke za zhi = Chinese journal of contemporary pediatrics · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), which consist of six or fewer carbons, are fermentation products of the bacterial community that inhabits the intestine. Due to an immunosuppressive effect on intestinal tissue, they have been touted as a therapeutic for inflammatory conditions of the bowel. Here, we study the impact of acetate, propionate, and butyrate, the three most abundant SCFAs in the intestine, on gene expression in the intestinal pathobiont adherent-invasive Escherichia coli. We pair this with adherence, invasion, and inflammation in Caco-2 and human intestinal enteroid (HIE)-derived monolayer models of the intestinal epithelium. We report that propionate and butyrate upregulate transcription of adherent-invasive Escherichia coli (AIEC) flagellar synthesis genes and decrease expression of capsule assembly and transport genes. These changes are predicted to augment AIEC invasiveness. In fact, SCFA supplementation increases AIEC adherence to and invasion of the Caco-2 monolayer but has no effect on these parameters in the HIE model. We attribute this to the anti-inflammatory effect of propionate and butyrate on HIEs but not on Caco-2 cells. We conclude that the potential of SCFAs to increase the virulence of intestinal pathogens should be considered in their use as anti-inflammatory agents.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.