Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34612077›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of offender therapy and comparative criminology2022

Toxic Relationships: The Experiences and Effects of Psychopathy in Romantic Relationships.

Adelle Forth, Sage Sezlik, Seung Lee, Mary Ritchie, John Logan, Holly Ellingwood

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of offender therapy and comparative criminology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
9citing papers in PubMed
2.1field-weighted citation impact, top 12% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

9 citing papers in PubMed, 31 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Development and initial validation of the toxic personality scale: exploring reliability, structure, and convergent validity.Psicologia, reflexao e critica : revista semestral do Departamento de Psicologia da UFRGS · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

Adelle ForthCarleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada.ORCID 0000-0003-4061-3867
Sage SezlikUniversity of Ottawa, ON, Canada.
Seung LeeCarleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
Mary RitchieWestern University, London, ON, Canada.
John LoganCarleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
Holly EllingwoodPublic Safety Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
Carleton University · CAPublic Safety Canada · CAUniversity of Ottawa · CAWestern University · CA

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Limited research exists on the impact of psychopathy within romantic relationships. We examined mental and physical health consequences reported by intimate partners of individuals with psychopathic traits. Additionally, we explored whether psychopathy severity and coping impacted the severity of posttraumatic stress disorder and depression symptoms. Four hundred fifty-seven former and current intimate partners of individuals with psychopathic traits were recruited from online support groups. Victims reported a variety of abusive experiences and various negative symptomatology involving emotional, biological, behavioral, cognitive, and interpersonal consequences. Psychopathy severity and maladaptive coping were significantly related to increased PTSD and depression, while adaptive coping was only related to decreased depression. Regression analyses revealed that experiencing many forms of victimization predicted increased PTSD and depression symptoms. Examining the specific consequences experienced by intimate partners of individuals with psychopathic traits can aid the development of individualized treatment interventions aimed at symptom mitigation, recovery, and prevention of future victimization.

Indexed as

Crime VictimsIntimate Partner ViolenceStress Disorders, Post-TraumaticAdaptation, PsychologicalAntisocial Personality DisorderHumansSexual Partnerscoping strategiesdepressionintimate partner violencepsychopathyPTSDvictimization experiences

Identifiers

PMID34612077
PMCPMC9527357
OpenAlexW3204127132

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.