ArticleJournal of gastrointestinal cancer2021
Relationships Between Indices of Tumor Aggressiveness in Hepatocellular Carcinoma.
Article in Journal of gastrointestinal cancer, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 5 citations in OpenAlex.
- Preoperative circulating tumor cells level is associated with lymph node metastasis in patients with unifocal papillary thyroid carcinoma.World journal of surgical oncology · 2025Article
- Value of magnetic resonance imaging for diagnosis of LR‑3 and LR-4 lesions coexisting with hepatocellular carcinoma.Abdominal radiology (New York) · 2024Article
- Tumor Burden in Patients With Hepatocellular Carcinoma Undergoing Transarterial Chemoembolization: Head-to-Head Comparison of Current Scoring Systems.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Article
- Identification of 2 large size HCC phenotypes, with and without associated inflammation.Clinical practice (London, England) · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) aggressiveness factors include serum levels of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), maximum tumor diameter (MTD), tumor multifocality, and presence of portal vein thrombosis (PVT).
aimsThe interdependence of these factors has not been closely studied.
methodsA large HCC database was examined for the presence of patients with PVT and multifocality and was analyzed retrospectively for the relationship of these 2 parameters to each other and to MTD and survival.
resultsMultifocality was found to increase with increase in MTD in the whole cohort and especially in patients with PVT. PVT also increased with increasing MTD. Neither increases in multifocality nor in PVT depended on elevated serum AFP levels, although they each increased with higher AFP levels. PVT increased in monofocal tumors as MTD increased but increased further in multifocal tumors.
conclusionsMultifocality and PVT appear to be separate processes, each increasing with increase in MTD and AFP levels. The data support the hypothesis that in hepatocarcinogenesis, various factors cause increase in MTD, that in turn causes increased multifocality and PVT, which are non-co-dependent. However, both multifocality and PVT mechanisms involve both HCC cell growth and invasiveness, multifocality in liver parenchyma, and PVT in the portal vein.
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