Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34611401›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of nanomedicine2021

Combining Active Carbonic Anhydrase with Nanogels: Enzyme Protection and Zinc Sensing.

Di Si, Guochao Nie, Tamiika K Hurst, Carol A Fierke, Raoul Kopelman

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of nanomedicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
0.2field-weighted citation impact, top 50% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed, 2 citations in OpenAlex.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 2 institutions in 3 countries.

Di SiDepartment of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Guochao NieSchool of Physics and Telecommunication Engineering, Yulin Normal University, Yulin, People's Republic of China.ORCID 0000-0001-8563-0607
Tamiika K HurstDepartment of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Carol A FierkeDepartment of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Raoul KopelmanDepartment of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
University of Michigan · USYulin Normal University · CN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundDue to its excellent biocompatibility, the polyacrylamide (PAAm) hydrogel has shown great potential for the immobilization of enzymes used in biomedical applications. The major challenge involved is to preserve, during the immobilization process, both the biological activity and the structural integrity of the enzymes. Here we report, for the first time, a proof-of-concept study for embedding active carbonic anhydrase (CA) into polyacrylamide (PAAm) nanogels. By immobilizing CA in these nanogels, we hope to provide important advantages, such as matrix protection of the CA as well as its targeted delivery, and also for potentially using these nanogels as zinc nano-biosensors, both in-vitro and in-vivo. METHODS AND

resultsTwo methods are reported here for CA immobilization: encapsulation and surface conjugation. In the encapsulation method, the common process was improved, so as to best preserve the CA, by 1) using a novel biofriendly nonionic surfactant system (Span 80/Tween 80/Brij 30) and 2) using an Al

conclusionThis work demonstrates universal methods for immobilizing highly fragile bio-macromolecules inside nanoparticle carriers, while preserving their structural integrity and biological activity. The advantages and limitations are discussed, as well as the potential biomedical applications.

Indexed as

Carbonic AnhydrasesNanoparticlesEnzymes, ImmobilizedNanogelsZincCarbonic AnhydrasesEnzymes, ImmobilizedNanogelsZinccarbonic anhydraseconjugationencapsulationnanogelsnanoparticlesPAAm hydrogelZn2+

Identifiers

PMID34611401
PMCPMC8486011
OpenAlexW3202265809

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.