ArticleOncogene2021
IER2-induced senescence drives melanoma invasion through osteopontin.
Article in Oncogene, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 36 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cellular Senescence and Immunosenescence in Melanoma: Insights From the Tumor Microenvironment.Cancer medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Environmentally induced cell stiffening shapes metastatic site selection by tuning the immune vulnerability of cancer cells.Immunity · 2026Article
- Effects of Stress Coping Styles and Social Defeat on Zebrafish Behaviour and Brain Transcriptomics.Neuroscience bulletin · 2026Article
- The Regulatory Interplay of the Colorectal Cancer Biomarkers MACC1 and IER2 and Its Impact on Metastatic Cancer Survival.Biomolecules · 2026Article
- Spatial and Single-Cell Transcriptomics Reveal Keratinocytes as Key Players in Vulvar Lichen Sclerosus Pathogenesis.The Journal of investigative dermatology · 2026Article
- Anti-Müllerian hormone induces a reversible quiescence-associated secretory phenotype in preantral follicles†.Biology of reproduction · 2026Article
- Superenhancers shape the landscape and repair dynamics of transcription-associated DNA breaks in cancer.Science advances · 2026Article
- Immune exhaustion in esophageal cancer: interferon pathway dysregulation and neoadjuvant therapy response.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Review
- Unleashing the potential role of tumor-associated NK cells as a novel immunotherapeutic target in triple-negative breast cancer.Breast cancer research : BCR · 2025Article
- Autoreactive T Cells and Cytokine Stress Drive β-Cell Senescence Entry and Accumulation in Type 1 Diabetes.Diabetes · 2025Article
- A Senescence-Associated Gene Signature for Prognostic Prediction and Therapeutic Targeting in Adrenocortical Carcinoma.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- Article
- Transcription factors ASCL1 and OLIG2 drive glioblastoma initiation and co-regulate tumor cell types and migration.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Hypoxic Upregulation of IER2 Increases Paracrine GMFG Signaling of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-CAF to Promote Chordoma Progression via Targeting ITGB1.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2024Article
- Circulating interleukin-8 and osteopontin are promising biomarkers of clinical outcomes in advanced melanoma patients treated with targeted therapy.Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR · 2024Article
- The role of host response to chemotherapy: resistance, metastasis and clinical implications.Clinical & experimental metastasis · 2024Review
- Osteopontin: A Key Multifaceted Regulator in Tumor Progression and Immunomodulation.Biomedicines · 2024Review
- Immune cell-related prognostic risk model and tumor immune environment modulation in esophageal carcinoma based on single-cell and bulk RNA sequencing.Thoracic cancer · 2024Article
- SORCS2 activity in pancreatic α-cells safeguards insulin granule formation and release from glucose-stressed β-cells.iScience · 2024Article
- The post-septic peripheral myeloid compartment reveals unexpected diversity in myeloid-derived suppressor cells.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
18 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Expression of the immediate-early response gene IER2 has been associated with the progression of several types of cancer, but its functional role is poorly understood. We found that increased IER2 expression in human melanoma is associated with shorter overall survival, and subsequently investigated the mechanisms through which IER2 exerts this effect. In experimental melanoma models, sustained expression of IER2 induced senescence in a subset of melanoma cells in a p53/MAPK/AKT-dependent manner. The senescent cells produced a characteristic secretome that included high levels of the extracellular phosphoglycoprotein osteopontin. Nuclear localization of the IER2 protein was critical for both the induction of senescence and osteopontin secretion. Osteopontin secreted by IER2-expressing senescent cells strongly stimulated the migration and invasion of non-senescent melanoma cells. Consistently, we observed coordinate expression of IER2, p53/p21, and osteopontin in primary human melanomas and metastases, highlighting the pathophysiological relevance of IER2-mediated senescence in melanoma progression. Together, our study reveals that sustained IER2 expression drives melanoma invasion and progression through stimulating osteopontin secretion via the stochastic induction of senescence.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.