ArticleBMJ open2021
Simplifying TREAtment and Monitoring for HIV (STREAM HIV): protocol for a randomised controlled trial of point-of-care urine tenofovir and viral load testing to improve HIV outcomes.
Article in BMJ open, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04341779 (Simplifying Treatment and Monitoring for HIV), which is not on this map. Cited by 7 papers.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Simplifying Treatment and Monitoring for HIV (STREAM HIV): Point-of-Care Urine Tenofovir Adherence and Viral Load Testing to Improve HIV Outcomes in South Africa
Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- HIV drug resistance amongst children and adolescents with viraemia in Lesotho and Tanzania: a nested analysis in the GIVE MOVE trial.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2026Trial
- Cost and clinical flow of point-of-care urine tenofovir testing for treatment monitoring among people living with HIV initiating ART in South Africa.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2025Trial
- Article
- High burden of human papillomavirus and premalignant cervical lesions among women starting HIV treatment in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.Sexually transmitted infections · 2025Article
- Rapid emergence of dolutegravir resistance on second-line dolutegravir-based ART.Southern African journal of HIV medicine · 2025Article
- Feasibility, Acceptability and Appropriateness of MedViewer: A Novel Hair-Based Antiretroviral Real-Time Clinical Monitoring Tool Providing Adherence Feedback to Patients and Their Providers.AIDS and behavior · 2023Article
- Diagnostic accuracy of a point-of-care urine tenofovir assay, and associations with HIV viraemia and drug resistance among people receiving dolutegravir and efavirenz-based antiretroviral therapy.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
21 authors at 6 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
introductionSubstantial improvements in viral suppression among people living with HIV (PLHIV) are needed to end the HIV epidemic, requiring extensive scale-up of low-cost HIV monitoring services. Point-of-care (POC) tests for monitoring antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence and viral load (VL) may be efficient and effective tools for real-time clinical decision making. We aim to evaluate the effects of a combined intervention of POC ART adherence and VL testing compared with standard-of-care on ART adherence, viral suppression and retention at 6 and 18 months post-ART initiation among PLHIV. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: Simplifying TREAtment and Monitoring for HIV (STREAM HIV) is a two-arm, open-label, randomised controlled superiority trial of POC urine tenofovir (POC TFV) and VL monitoring in PLHIV. We aim to enrol 540 PLHIV initiating a first-line ART regimen at a public HIV clinic in South Africa. Participants will be randomised 1:1 to the intervention or control arm. Intervention arm participants will receive monthly POC TFV testing for the first 5 months and POC VL testing at months 6 and 12. Intervention arm participants will also receive reflex POC TFV testing if viraemic and reflex HIV drug resistance testing for those with viraemia and detectable TFV. Control arm participants will receive standard-of-care, including laboratory-based VL testing at months 6 and 12. Primary outcomes include ART adherence (TFV-diphosphate concentration) at 6 months and viral suppression and retention at 18 months. Secondary outcomes include viral suppression and retention at 6 months, TFV-diphosphate concentration at 18 months, cost and cost-effectiveness of the intervention and acceptability of the intervention among PLHIV and healthcare workers. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: STREAM HIV has received ethical approval from the University of Washington Institutional Review Board (STUDY00007544), University of KwaZulu-Natal Biomedical Research Ethics Committee (BREC/00000833/2019) and Division of AIDS Regulatory Support Center (38509). Findings will be disseminated at international conferences and in peer-reviewed journals. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT04341779.
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