ArticleJournal of the Royal Society, Interface2021
Reassessing the role of climate change in the Tupi expansion (South America, 5000-500 BP).
Article in Journal of the Royal Society, Interface, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Environmental constraints and diffusion shaped the global transition to food production.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Human-environment interaction during the Holocene in Eastern South America: Rapid climate changes and population dynamics.PloS one · 2025Article
- Genomic perspectives on human dispersals during the Holocene.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023Article
- Lexical phylogenetics of the Tupí-Guaraní family: Language, archaeology, and the problem of chronology.PloS one · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The expansion of forest farmers across tropical lowland South America during the Late Holocene has long been connected to climate change. The more humid conditions established during the Late Holocene are assumed to have driven the expansion of forests, which would have facilitated the dispersal of cultures that practised agroforestry. The Tupi, a language family of widespread distribution in South America, occupies a central place in the debate. Not only are they one of the largest families in the continent, but their expansion from an Amazonian homeland has long been hypothesized to have followed forested environments wherever they settled. Here, we assess that hypothesis using a simulation approach. We employ equation-based and cellular automaton models, simulating demic-diffusion processes under two different scenarios: a null model in which all land cells can be equally settled, and an alternative model in which non-forested cells cannot be settled or delay the expansion. We show that including land cover as a constraint to movement results in a better approximation of the Tupi expansion as reconstructed by archaeology and linguistics.
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