Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34609518›Full record

ArticleThe Plant cell2022

Gene regulatory networks for compatible versus incompatible grafts identify a role for SlWOX4 during junction formation.

Hannah Thomas, Lisa Van den Broeck, Ryan Spurney, Rosangela Sozzani, Margaret Frank

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in The Plant cell, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 45 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
45citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

45 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Graft Biology in the CRISPR Era: From Tissue Fusion to Genome Compatibility.Plant-environment interactions (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2026
    Review
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
    Article
  6. Article
  7. A Statistical Mechanics Model to Decode Tissue Crosstalk During Graft Formation.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026
    Article
  8. The CiWOX13-CiWOX14 Complex RegulatesPlants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
    Article
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Review
  19. Review
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Hannah ThomasSchool of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14850, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-5538-2331
Lisa Van den BroeckDepartment of Plant and Microbial Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-0226-0757
Ryan SpurneyDepartment of Plant and Microbial Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-9915-3370
Rosangela SozzaniDepartment of Plant and Microbial Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-3316-2367
Margaret FrankSchool of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14850, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-8269-8240

Funding

Broad wavelength range Zeiss 780 NLO/confocal system for the Cornell Imaging CoreS10OD018516 · OD · CORNELL UNIVERSITY · PI ZIPFEL, WARREN R · 2014 to 2014
$834k
NIH HHS S10 OD018516
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Grafting has been adopted for a wide range of crops to enhance productivity and resilience; for example, grafting of Solanaceous crops couples disease-resistant rootstocks with scions that produce high-quality fruit. However, incompatibility severely limits the application of grafting and graft incompatibility remains poorly understood. In grafts, immediate incompatibility results in rapid death, but delayed incompatibility can take months or even years to manifest, creating a significant economic burden for perennial crop production. To gain insight into the genetic mechanisms underlying this phenomenon, we developed a model system using heterografting of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) and pepper (Capsicum annuum). These grafted plants express signs of anatomical junction failure within the first week of grafting. By generating a detailed timeline for junction formation, we were able to pinpoint the cellular basis for this delayed incompatibility. Furthermore, we inferred gene regulatory networks for compatible self-grafts and incompatible heterografts based on these key anatomical events, which predict core regulators for grafting. Finally, we examined the role of vascular development in graft formation and uncovered SlWOX4 as a potential regulator of graft compatibility. Following this predicted regulator up with functional analysis, we show that Slwox4 homografts fail to form xylem bridges across the junction, demonstrating that indeed, SlWOX4 is essential for vascular reconnection during grafting, and may function as an early indicator of graft failure.

Indexed as

Gene Regulatory NetworksCapsicumGene Expression Regulation, PlantHomeodomain ProteinsPlant ProteinsSolanum lycopersicumHomeodomain ProteinsPlant Proteins

Identifiers

PMID34609518
PMCPMC8846177

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.