Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34608327›Full record

ArticleNature biotechnology2022

Engineered pegRNAs improve prime editing efficiency.

James W Nelson, Peyton B Randolph, Simon P Shen, Kelcee A Everette, Peter J Chen, Andrew V Anzalone, Meirui An, Gregory A Newby, Jonathan C Chen, Alvin Hsu and 1 more

Erratum issuedAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature biotechnology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 462 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
462citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

462 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. CRISPR for cystic fibrosis: Advances and insights from a systematic review.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2025
    Pooled it
  4. Prime Editing: An Overview.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2027
    Review
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Review
  16. Review
  17. Engineering glyphosate-resistant watermelon by prime editing.Journal of integrative plant biology · 2026
    Article
  18. Article
  19. Review
  20. Article

402 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

James W Nelson *Merkin Institute of Transformative Technologies in Healthcare, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Peyton B Randolph *Merkin Institute of Transformative Technologies in Healthcare, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6385-364X
Simon P ShenMerkin Institute of Transformative Technologies in Healthcare, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Kelcee A EveretteMerkin Institute of Transformative Technologies in Healthcare, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Peter J ChenMerkin Institute of Transformative Technologies in Healthcare, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1094-7180
Andrew V AnzaloneMerkin Institute of Transformative Technologies in Healthcare, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Meirui AnMerkin Institute of Transformative Technologies in Healthcare, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4006-8670
Gregory A NewbyMerkin Institute of Transformative Technologies in Healthcare, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7869-2615
Jonathan C ChenMerkin Institute of Transformative Technologies in Healthcare, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Alvin HsuMerkin Institute of Transformative Technologies in Healthcare, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
David R LiuMerkin Institute of Transformative Technologies in Healthcare, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA. drliu@fas.harvard.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0346-5033

Funding

Center for Genomic Editing and Recording: Development and Application of Next-Generation Genome and Epigenome Editing Methods to Advance the Study and Treatment of Human DiseaseRM1HG009490 · NHGRI · WHITEHEAD INSTITUTE FOR BIOMEDICAL RES · PI Brittany S. Adamson, Martin Joseph Ankrah Aryee · 2017 to 2026
$22.7M
Integrating Chemistry and Evolution to Illuminate Biology and Enable Novel TherapeuticsR35GM118062 · NIGMS · HARVARD UNIVERSITY · PI LIU, DAVID R · 2016 to 2025
$6.4M
Continuous Evolution of Proteins with Novel Therapeutic PotentialR01EB031172 · NIBIB · BROAD INSTITUTE, INC. · PI LIU, DAVID R · 2021 to 2024
$2.5M
Expanding the Scope of Base EditingU01AI142756 · NIAID · BROAD INSTITUTE, INC. · PI LIU, DAVID R · 2018 to 2022
$2.1M
Howard Hughes Medical InstituteNHGRI NIH HHS RM1 HG009490NIAID NIH HHS U01 AI142756NIBIB NIH HHS R01 EB031172NIGMS NIH HHS R35 GM118062
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Prime editing enables the installation of virtually any combination of point mutations, small insertions or small deletions in the DNA of living cells. A prime editing guide RNA (pegRNA) directs the prime editor protein to the targeted locus and also encodes the desired edit. Here we show that degradation of the 3' region of the pegRNA that contains the reverse transcriptase template and the primer binding site can poison the activity of prime editing systems, impeding editing efficiency. We incorporated structured RNA motifs to the 3' terminus of pegRNAs that enhance their stability and prevent degradation of the 3' extension. The resulting engineered pegRNAs (epegRNAs) improve prime editing efficiency 3-4-fold in HeLa, U2OS and K562 cells and in primary human fibroblasts without increasing off-target editing activity. We optimized the choice of 3' structural motif and developed pegLIT, a computational tool to identify non-interfering nucleotide linkers between pegRNAs and 3' motifs. Finally, we showed that epegRNAs enhance the efficiency of the installation or correction of disease-relevant mutations.

Indexed as

CRISPR-Cas SystemsGene EditingDNAHumansRNA-Directed DNA PolymeraseRNA, Guide, CRISPR-Cas SystemsDNARNA-Directed DNA PolymeraseRNA, Guide, CRISPR-Cas Systems

Identifiers

PMID34608327
PMCPMC8930418

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.