Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34607949›Full record

ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2021

Releasing incompatible males drives strong suppression across populations of wild and

Nigel W Beebe, Dan Pagendam, Brendan J Trewin, Andrew Boomer, Matt Bradford, Andrew Ford, Catherine Liddington, Artiom Bondarenco, Paul J De Barro, Joshua Gilchrist and 14 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 79 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
79citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

79 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Trial
  3. Trial
  4. Article
  5. EliminatingInsects · 2026
    Article
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. ModellingJournal of pest science · 2026
    Article
  12. The inhibition mechanism ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2026
    Review
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Populations of the Australian Saltmarsh MosquitoEvolutionary applications · 2025
    Article

19 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

24 authors.

Nigel W BeebeSchool of Biological Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia, 4072; n.beebe@uq.edu.au.
Dan PagendamCommonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Brisbane, QLD, Australia, 4102.
Brendan J TrewinCommonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Brisbane, QLD, Australia, 4102.ORCID 0000-0002-7244-4044
Andrew BoomerCommonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Brisbane, QLD, Australia, 4102.
Matt BradfordCommonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Brisbane, QLD, Australia, 4102.
Andrew FordCommonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Brisbane, QLD, Australia, 4102.
Catherine LiddingtonCommonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Brisbane, QLD, Australia, 4102.
Artiom BondarencoCommonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Brisbane, QLD, Australia, 4102.
Paul J De BarroCommonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Brisbane, QLD, Australia, 4102.
Joshua GilchristCommonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Brisbane, QLD, Australia, 4102.
Christopher PatonCollege of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Smithfield, QLD, Australia, 4878.
Kyran M StauntonCollege of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Smithfield, QLD, Australia, 4878.
Brian JohnsonQIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia 4029.
Andrew J MaynardSchool of Biological Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia, 4072.
Gregor J DevineQIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia 4029.
Leon E HugoQIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia 4029.
Gordana RasicQIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia 4029.ORCID 0000-0002-3057-0093
Helen CookCreative Communicator, Cairns, QLD, Australia 4870.
Peter MassaroVerily Life Sciences, South San Francisco, CA 94080.
Nigel SnoadVerily Life Sciences, South San Francisco, CA 94080.
Jacob E CrawfordVerily Life Sciences, South San Francisco, CA 94080.
Bradley J WhiteVerily Life Sciences, South San Francisco, CA 94080.
Zhiyong XiDepartment of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824.
Scott A RitchieCollege of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Smithfield, QLD, Australia, 4878.ORCID 0000-0003-2764-911X

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Releasing sterile or incompatible male insects is a proven method of population management in agricultural systems with the potential to revolutionize mosquito control. Through a collaborative venture with the "Debug" Verily Life Sciences team, we assessed the incompatible insect technique (IIT) with the mosquito vector

Indexed as

Infertility, MaleAedesAnimalsArbovirusesArbovirus InfectionsAustraliaBiological Control AgentsFemaleHumansMaleMosquito ControlMosquito VectorsQueenslandWolbachiaBiological Control AgentsAedes aegyptiarbovirus vectorbiological controlincompatible insect technologyvector control

Identifiers

PMID34607949
PMCPMC8521666

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.