ReviewInternational journal of spine surgery2021
The Clinical Impact of Image Guidance and Robotics in Spinal Surgery: A Review of Safety, Accuracy, Efficiency, and Complication Reduction.
Review in International journal of spine surgery, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- Utilisation of table-mounted versus floor-mounted robotic systems for thoracolumbar fusion: a before-and-after institutional experience.Journal of robotic surgery · 2026Article
- National Utilization of Navigation and Robotics in Inpatient Spinal Fusion Remains Low but is Increasing, 2016-2022.Global spine journal · 2026Article
- Level-specific accuracy of robotic-assisted versus fluoroscopy-assisted lumbar pedicle screw placement: a retrospective comparative cohort study.Journal of robotic surgery · 2026Article
- A comparative study of O-arm navigation-assisted OLIF 360 versus traditional OLIF combined with Mazor Renaissance robot-assisted posterior fixation for single-level lumbar spondylolisthesis: clinical and radiographic outcomes.Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research · 2026Article
- AI-driven tissue discrimination sensing methods for robot-assisted spine surgery: a state-of-the-art review.European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2026Review
- Clinical Outcomes of RA FE-TLIF Compared to FE-TLIF in Patients With Lumbar Spondylolisthesis: A Retrospective Study.Orthopaedic surgery · 2025Article
- Robotic spine surgery compared with fluoroscopic-assisted surgery: advantages, disadvantages, future perspectives.Journal of robotic surgery · 2025Article
- AI and machine learning in paediatric spine deformity surgery.Bone & joint open · 2025Article
- Article
- Development of a software system for surgical robots based on multimodal image fusion: study protocol.Frontiers in surgery · 2024Article
- Article
- Design, Fabrication, and Preliminary Validation of Patient-Specific Spine Section Phantoms for Use in Training Spine Surgeons Outside the Operating Room/Theatre.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Review
- Navigated, percutaneous, three-step technique for lumbar and sacral screw placement: a novel, minimally invasive, and maximally safe strategy.Journal of orthopaedics and traumatology : official journal of the Italian Society of Orthopaedics and Traumatology · 2023Article
- Accuracy of computer-assisted pedicle screw placement for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a comparison between robotics and navigation.European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2023Article
- Paediatric Spinal Deformity Surgery: Complications and Their Management.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Robotic-Assisted Minimally Invasive Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion.JBJS essential surgical techniquesArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Image guidance (IG) and robotic-assisted (RA) surgery are modern technological advancements that have provided novel ways to perform precise and accurate spinal surgery. These innovations supply real-time, three-dimensional imaging information to aid in instrumentation, decompression, and implant placement. Although nothing can replace the knowledge and expertise of an experienced spine surgeon, these platforms do have the potential to supplement the individual surgeon's capabilities. Specific advantages include more precise pedicle screw placement, minimally invasive surgery with less reliance on intraoperative fluoroscopy, and lower radiation exposure to the surgeon and staff. As these technologies have become more widely adopted over the years, novel uses such as tumor resection have been explored. Disadvantages include the cost of implementing IG and robotics platforms, the initial learning curve for both the surgeon and the staff, and increased patient radiation exposure in scoliosis surgery. Also, given the relatively recent transition of many procedures from inpatient settings to ambulatory surgery centers, access to current devices may be cost prohibitive and not as readily available at some centers. Regarding patient-related outcomes, much further research is warranted. The short-term benefits of minimally invasive surgery often bolster the perioperative and early postoperative outcomes in many retrospective studies on IG and RA surgery. Randomized controlled trials limiting such confounding factors are warranted to definitively show potential independent improvements in patient-related outcomes specifically attributable to IG and RA alone. Nonetheless, irrespective of these current unknowns, it is clear that these technologies have changed the field and the practice of spine surgery. Surgeons should be familiar with the potential benefits and tradeoffs of these platforms when considering adopting IG and robotics in their practices.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.