ArticleBMJ open2021
Recovery, rehabilitation and follow-up services following critical illness: an updated UK national cross-sectional survey and progress report.
Article in BMJ open, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 48 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
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Who cites it
48 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 95 citations in OpenAlex.
- Post-intensive care unit clinics: models and implementation - a systematic review.Critical care (London, England) · 2025Pooled it
- Rehabilitation and the post-intensive care syndrome across the recovery continuum: a narrative review.Intensive care medicine · 2026Review
- Critical care delirium: prevention, identification and management: a narrative review.Anaesthesia · 2026Review
- Article
- Nutritional Recovery After Critical Illness: A Qualitative Study of ICU Survivors' Experiences After Hospital Discharge.Journal of human nutrition and dietetics : the official journal of the British Dietetic Association · 2026Article
- Eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing for post-traumatic stress in survivors of critical illness (EMERALD): a mixed-methods, randomised, single-blind, parallel group-controlled, feasibility trial.EClinicalMedicine · 2026Article
- Standard of care for rehabilitation in critical illness.Intensive care medicine · 2026Review
- Article
- Current strategies and future directions to enhance recovery following critical illness.Thorax · 2026Review
- Recovery After Critical Illness: A Meta-Ethnography of Patient, Family and Staff Perspectives.Journal of advanced nursing · 2026Review
- Critical illness and recovery-learning from the shared experience of survivors and their families: A qualitative study.Journal of the Intensive Care Society · 2026Article
- Key Insights From the International ICU Diary Conference 2025.Nursing in critical care · 2026Article
- A qualitative study exploring critical care survivors' and their clinicians' shared experiences of navigating a fragmented care system.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Nursing Interventions for Post-Intensive Care Syndrome in Follow-Up Clinics: A Scoping Review.Nursing reports (Pavia, Italy) · 2026Review
- Post-Intensive Care Syndrome: From Diagnosis To Treatment.Deutsches Arzteblatt international · 2026Review
- Post-intensive Care Syndrome (PICS): an American Association for the Surgery of Trauma Critical Care Committee Consensus Guideline - Defining, Recognizing, and Managing PICS Associated Physical Impairment, Cognitive Dysfunction, and Thromboinflammatory Dysregulation.Trauma surgery & acute care open · 2026Article
- Exploring the experience of patients who receive a telephone follow-up call from intensive care unit nurse specialists following hospital discharge: A descriptive survey.International journal of nursing studies advances · 2025Article
- Non-pharmacological post-intensive care interventions to improve patient outcome following critical illness: a scoping review.Critical care (London, England) · 2025Review
- Who is responsible for follow-up after critical illness? GP, ICU and patient perspectives.Critical care (London, England) · 2025Article
- Uncertainty experienced by the critical patient upon discharge to the general ward: Care proposals from the perspective of Mishel's theory.Nursing in critical care · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 8 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo comprehensively update and survey the current provision of recovery, rehabilitation and follow-up services for adult critical care patients across the UK.
designCross-sectional, self-administered, predominantly closed-question, electronic, online survey.
settingInstitutions providing adult critical care services identified from national databases.
participantsMultiprofessional critical care clinicians delivering services at each site.
resultsResponses from 176 UK hospital sites were included (176/242, 72.7%). Inpatient recovery and follow-up services were present at 127/176 (72.2%) sites, adopting multiple formats of delivery and primarily delivered by nurses (n=115/127, 90.6%). Outpatient services ran at 130 sites (73.9%), predominantly as outpatient clinics. Most services (n=108/130, 83.1%) were co-delivered by two or more healthcare professionals, typically nurse/intensive care unit (ICU) physician (n=29/130, 22.3%) or nurse/ICU physician/physiotherapist (n=19/130, 14.6%) teams. Clinical psychology was most frequently lacking from inpatient or outpatient services. Lack of funding was consistently the primary barrier to service provision, with other barriers including logistical and service prioritisation factors indicating that infrastructure and profile for services remain inadequate. Posthospital discharge physical rehabilitation programmes were relatively few (n=31/176, 17.6%), but peer support services were available in nearly half of responding institutions (n=85/176, 48.3%). The effects of the COVID-19 pandemic resulted in either increasing, decreasing or reformatting service provision. Future plans for long-term service transformation focus on expansion of current, and establishment of new, outpatient services.
conclusionOverall, these data demonstrate a proliferation of recovery, follow-up and rehabilitation services for critically ill adults in the past decade across the UK, although service gaps remain suggesting further work is required for guideline implementation. Findings can be used to enhance survivorship for critically ill adults, inform policymakers and commissioners, and provide comparative data and experiential insights for clinicians designing models of care in international healthcare jurisdictions.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.