ArticleThe Journal of investigative dermatology2022
TSST-1
Article in The Journal of investigative dermatology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mast Cells in Host Defense Against Cutaneous Staphylococcus aureus Infection.Immunology and cell biology · 2026Review
- Innate host defense lysozyme may help controlMicrobiology spectrum · 2026Article
- Selective Expansion of TCR Vβ2Experimental dermatology · 2026Article
- Bullous Pemphigoid-Associated S aureus Increases Protease Activity from Keratinocytes and Promotes Unique BP180 Cleavage.The Journal of investigative dermatology · 2025Article
- Toxic Shock Syndrome Toxin-1 (TSST-1) inToxins · 2025Review
- The Role of Microbiota in the Pathogenesis of Bullous Pemphigoid and Pemphigus Vulgaris: Evidence, Controversies, and Perspectives.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Characteristics and Risk Factors of Infections among Patients with Autoimmune Bullous Diseases: A Retrospective Single-Center Study in China.Infectious diseases & immunity · 2024Article
- Review
- Novel insights into the immune response to bacterial T cell superantigens.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2024Review
- Article
- Article
- Article
- Characterization of the skin microbiota in bullous pemphigoid patients and controls reveals novel microbial indicators of disease.Journal of advanced research · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
A potential role of Staphylococcus aureus in bullous pemphigoid was explored by examining the colonization rate in patients with new-onset disease compared with that in age- and sex-matched controls. S. aureus colonization was observed in 85% of bullous pemphigoid lesions, 3-6-fold higher than the nares or unaffected skin from the same patients (P ≤ 0.003) and 6-fold higher than the nares or skin of controls (P ≤ 0.0015). Furthermore, 96% of the lesional isolates produced the toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 superantigen, and most of these additionally exhibited homogeneous expression of the enterotoxin gene cluster toxins. Toxic shock syndrome toxin-1‒neutralizing antibodies were not protective against colonization. However, S. aureus colonization was not observed in patients who had recently received antibiotics, and the addition of antibiotics with staphylococcal coverage eliminated S. aureus and resulted in clinical improvement. This study shows that toxic shock syndrome toxin-1‒positive S. aureus is prevalent in bullous pemphigoid lesions and suggests that early implementation of antibiotics may be of benefit. Furthermore, our results suggest that S. aureus colonization could provide a source of infection in patients with bullous pemphigoid, particularly in the setting of high-dose immunosuppression.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.