ArticleThe journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences2022
Sex Differences in the Association Between Metabolic Dysregulation and Cognitive Aging: The Health and Retirement Study.
Article in The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- Associations between immunosenescence and domain-specific cognition in the Health and Retirement Study Harmonized Cognitive Assessment Protocol.BMC biology · 2026Article
- Aging and metabolism contribute separately to brain-body health.PLoS biology · 2026Article
- Development of a clinical nomogram to assess the risk of cognitive impairment in community-dwelling middle-aged and older adults.BMC neurology · 2026Article
- Trajectories of lipid profile with cognitive function: 12-year follow-up of Guangzhou Biobank cohort study.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2026Article
- Threshold effects of insulin resistance on cognitive function in coronary heart disease: the non-linear diagnostic value of the triglyceride-glucose index.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Article
- Differences in phenotypic and functional aging trajectories among people aging with disability and the US general population.The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2025Article
- Modeling the importance of life exposure factors on memory performance in diverse older adults: A machine learning approach.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025Article
- The Association Between Cardiometabolic Risk and Cognitive Function Among Older Americans and Chinese.The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2024Article
- Sex Disparity in the Association of Metabolic Syndrome with Cognitive Impairment.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Interactions between genes involved in physiological dysregulation and axon guidance: role in Alzheimer's disease.Frontiers in genetics · 2023Article
- Gender, Age of Migration, and Cognitive Life Expectancies Among Older Latinos: Evidence From the Health and Retirement Study.The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences · 2022Article
- The association of cholesterol levels with memory and memory change over a 14-year period in a US national cohort.Alzheimer's & dementia (New York, N. Y.)Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundDysregulation of some metabolic factors increases the risk of dementia. It remains unclear if overall metabolic dysregulation, or only certain components, contribute to cognitive aging and if these associations are sex specific.
methodsData from the 2006-2016 waves of the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) was used to analyze 7 103 participants aged 65 and older at baseline (58% women). We created a metabolic-dysregulation risk score (MDRS) composed of blood pressure/hypertension status, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c)/diabetes status, total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and waist circumference, and assessed cognitive trajectories from repeated measures of the HRS-Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status (HRS-TICS) over 10 years of follow-up. Linear mixed-effects models estimated associations between MDRS or individual metabolic factors (biomarkers) with mean and change in HRS-TICS scores and assessed sex-modification of these associations.
resultsParticipants with higher MDRSs had lower mean HRS-TICS scores, but there were no statistically significant differences in rate of decline. Sex stratification showed this association was present for women only. MDRS biomarkers revealed heterogeneity in the strength and direction of associations with HRS-TICS. Lower HRS-TICS levels were associated with hypertension, higher HbA1c/diabetes, and lower HDL-C and TC, whereas faster rate of cognitive decline was associated with hypertension, higher HbA1c/diabetes, and higher TC. Participants with higher HbA1c/diabetes presented worse cognitive trajectories. Sex differences indicated that women with higher HbA1c/diabetes to have lower HRS-TICS levels, whereas hypertensive males presented better cognitive trajectory.
conclusionsOur results demonstrate that metabolic dysregulation is more strongly associated with cognition in women compared with men, though sex differences vary by individual biomarker.
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