ArticleBiotechnology and bioengineering2021
Stability of proteins encapsulated in Michael-type addition polyethylene glycol hydrogels.
Article in Biotechnology and bioengineering, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- rhGALNS Enzyme Stability in Physiological Buffers: Implications for Sustained Release.Applied biochemistry and biotechnology · 2025Article
- Advances in hybrid hydrogel design for biomedical applications: innovations in drug delivery and tissue engineering for gynecological cancers.Cell biology and toxicology · 2025Review
- Super-lubricous polyethylene glycol hydrogel microspheres for use in knee osteoarthritis treatments.npj biomedical innovations · 2025Article
- Toward Bioactive Hydrogels: A Tunable Approach via Nucleic Acid-Collagen Complexation.Regenerative engineering and translational medicine · 2024Article
- Role of Polymer Concentration on the Release Rates of Proteins from Single- and Double-Network Hydrogels.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Hydrogel Delivery Device for the In Vitro and In Vivo Sustained Release of Active rhGALNS Enzyme.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Laponite-Based Nanocomposite Hydrogels for Drug Delivery Applications.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Adsorption and Sustained Delivery of Small Molecules from Nanosilicate Hydrogel Composites.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Degradable polyethylene glycol (PEG) hydrogels are excellent vehicles for sustained drug release due to their biocompatibility, tunable physical properties, and customizable degradation. However, protein therapeutics are unstable under physiological conditions and releasing degraded or inactive therapeutics can induce immunogenic effects. While controlling protein release from PEG hydrogels has been extensively investigated, few studies have detailed protein stability long-term or under stress conditions. Here, lysozyme and alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) stability were explored upon encapsulation in PEG hydrogels formed through Michael-type addition. The stability and structure of the two model proteins were monitored by measuring the free energy of unfolding and fluoresce quenching when confined in a hydrogel and compared to PEG solution and buffer. Hydrogels destabilized lysozyme structure at low denaturant concentrations but prevented complete unfolding at high concentrations. ADH was stabilized as the confining mesh size approached the protein radius of gyration. Both proteins retained enzymatic activity within the hydrogels under stress conditions, including denaturant, high temperature, and agitation. Conjugation between lysozyme and PEG-acrylate was identified at long reaction times but no conjugation was observed in the time required for complete gelation. Studies of protein stability in PEG hydrogels, as the one detailed here, can lead to designer technologies for the improved formulation, storage, and delivery of protein therapeutics.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.