Observational studyGraefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie2022
Posterior ocular structural and vascular alterations in severe COVID-19 patients.
Observational study in Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- Choroidal vascularity index is independent of ocular and image-based factors in healthy eyes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Scientific reports · 2025Pooled it
- Analysis of retinal sublayers in patients with systemic COVID-19 illness with varying degrees of severity.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Choroidal vascularity index in health and systemic diseases: a systematic review.International journal of retina and vitreous · 2024Review
- Retinal and Corneal OCT Results of Patients Hospitalized and Treated in the Acute Phase of COVID-19.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Ocular manifestations of COVID-19: A systematic review of current evidence.Preventive medicine reports · 2024Review
- The prone position in COVID-19 impacts the thickness of peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layers and macular ganglion cell layers.PloS one · 2024Article
- Tomographic Findings in the Retina of Unvaccinated Patients with COVID Pneumonia: Prospective Longitudinal Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- Choroidal and Retinal Vascular Findings in Patients with COVID-19 Complicated with Pneumonia: Widefield Imaging.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- A Molecular Biomarker-Based Triage Approach for Targeted Treatment of Post-COVID-19 Syndrome Patients with Persistent Neurological or Neuropsychiatric Symptoms.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2023Article
- An Evaluation of Choroidal and Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Thicknesses Using SD-OCT in Children with Childhood IgA Vasculitis.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Change in retinal vessel diameter and choroidal thickness in patients with severe COVID-19: Change In Retinal Parameters In Patients With Severe COVID-19.Photodiagnosis and photodynamic therapy · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
purposeThis study aimed to evaluate posterior ocular structural and vascular changes in severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients.
methodsThis was an observational, prospective, and controlled study including 106 eyes of 53 severe COVID-19 patients, compared to after recovery and 106 eyes of 53 age- and gender-matched healthy controls. All subjects were previously healthy adults and were assessed using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and ImageJ software. Subfoveal over a 1500-μm span and macular over a 6000-μm span cross-sectional areas of the vascular, stromal, and total choroid were measured.
resultsOf the 53 included patients, 28 (52.8%) were male, and 25 (47.2%) were female, with a mean age of 50.2 ± 7.4 years. In the active period of the disease, compared to after recovery and healthy controls, the outer plexiform layer thickness showed a significant increase (p = 0.004), and mean choroidal thickness was significantly higher (p < 0.0001); however, choroidal vascularity was significantly lower (p < 0.0001). The stromal area to vascular area (S/V) ratio of the choroid was significantly increased (p < 0.0001). All quadrants of the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thicknesses were significantly increased (for all, p < 0.05). The reflectivity of OCT echo of the choroid and peripapillary RNFL was significantly higher (p = 0.023, p < 0.0001, respectively).
conclusionThis study detected significant posterior ocular structural and vascular alterations in patients with severe COVID-19 infections. These findings may be associated with direct host-virus interaction or linked to an autoimmune process, vasculopathy, or viral-mediated inflammation.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.