ArticleJMIR cardio2021
The Effect of Cardiovascular Comorbidities on Women Compared to Men: Longitudinal Retrospective Analysis.
Article in JMIR cardio, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07703124 (Female-Specific Modifiers for Healthy Early Action in Cardiovascular Risk Trajectories), which is not on this map. Cited by 9 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Female-Specific Modifiers for Healthy Early Action in Cardiovascular Risk Trajectories
Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Beyond Pain Relief: A Cross-Sectional Study on NSAID Prescribing, Polypharmacy, and Drug Interaction Risks in Community Pharmacies.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Comorbidity Networks From Population-Wide Health Data: Aggregated Data of 8.9M Hospital Patients (1997-2014).Scientific data · 2025Article
- Healthcare utilization patterns among migrant populations: Increased readmissions suggest poorer access. A population-wide retrospective cohort study.Journal of migration and health · 2025Article
- Endoscopy of Low BMI Patients Compared to Normal BMI Patients: A Study From the Aseer Region, Saudi Arabia.Cureus · 2024Article
- Unraveling cradle-to-grave disease trajectories from multilayer comorbidity networks.NPJ digital medicine · 2024Article
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- Obesity as pleiotropic risk state for metabolic and mental health throughout life.Translational psychiatry · 2023Article
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Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAlthough men are more prone to developing cardiovascular disease (CVD) than women, risk factors for CVD, such as nicotine abuse and diabetes mellitus, have been shown to be more detrimental in women than in men.
objectiveWe developed a method to systematically investigate population-wide electronic health records for all possible associations between risk factors for CVD and other diagnoses. The developed structured approach allows an exploratory and comprehensive screening of all possible comorbidities of CVD, which are more connected to CVD in either men or women.
methodsBased on a population-wide medical claims dataset comprising 44 million records of inpatient stays in Austria from 2003 to 2014, we determined comorbidities of acute myocardial infarction (AMI; International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision [ICD-10] code I21) and chronic ischemic heart disease (CHD; ICD-10 code I25) with a significantly different prevalence in men and women. We introduced a measure of sex difference as a measure of differences in logarithmic odds ratios (ORs) between male and female patients in units of pooled standard errors.
resultsExcept for lipid metabolism disorders (OR for females [ORf]=6.68, 95% confidence interval [CI]=6.57-6.79, OR for males [ORm]=8.31, 95% CI=8.21-8.41), all identified comorbidities were more likely to be associated with AMI and CHD in females than in males: nicotine dependence (ORf=6.16, 95% CI=5.96-6.36, ORm=4.43, 95% CI=4.35-4.5), diabetes mellitus (ORf=3.52, 95% CI=3.45-3.59, ORm=3.13, 95% CI=3.07-3.19), obesity (ORf=3.64, 95% CI=3.56-3.72, ORm=3.33, 95% CI=3.27-3.39), renal disorders (ORf=4.27, 95% CI=4.11-4.44, ORm=3.74, 95% CI=3.67-3.81), asthma (ORf=2.09, 95% CI=1.96-2.23, ORm=1.59, 95% CI=1.5-1.68), and COPD (ORf=2.09, 95% CI 1.96-2.23, ORm=1.59, 95% CI 1.5-1.68). Similar results could be observed for AMI.
conclusionsAlthough AMI and CHD are more prevalent in men, women appear to be more affected by certain comorbidities of AMI and CHD in their risk for developing CVD.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.