ArticleJournal of the International AIDS Society2021
Association between HIV PrEP indications and use in a national sexual network study of US men who have sex with men.
Article in Journal of the International AIDS Society, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- Comparing PrEP use among men who have sex with men with a recent incarceration history.AIDS care · 2025Trial
- Beliefs About Toxic Interactions Between Alcohol and PrEP Predict Less Initiation and More Discontinuation: Results from the RADAR Cohort Study.AIDS and behavior · 2026Article
- An Evidence-Based Approach to Facilitating PrEP Initiation Among YMSM: The MyPEEPS Plus mHealth and E-Peer Navigation Intervention.AIDS education and prevention : official publication of the International Society for AIDS Education · 2026Article
- The Role of Peer Patient Navigation in Enhancing PrEP Persistence Among LGBTQ + Populations and Other Individuals at High Susceptibility to HIV Transmission in the Deep South State of Alabama.AIDS and behavior · 2026Article
- Patient pathways to PrEP persistence: a qualitative resilience-focused journey mapping study with cisgender Black and Latino men who have sex with men and clinical PrEP staff at a federally qualified health center.Frontiers in health services · 2026Article
- Cost-effectiveness of leveraging long-acting injectable cabotegravir to expand PrEP coverage among MSM in two contrasting North American cities.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2026Article
- The PrEP Pharmacy Reach Study: Protocol for the Creation of Maps to Visualize the Impact of Expanding Access to HIV Prevention Services Through Pharmacies.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2025Article
- Intention to Use Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Among Age Groups of Brazilian Men Who Have Sex With Men: National Cross-Sectional Study.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2025Article
- Individual & joint associations of sexual stigma and mental distress with PrEP uptake, adherence and persistence among US gay and bisexual men.Social science & medicine (1982) · 2024Article
- Preferences for Starting Daily, On-Demand, and Long-Acting Injectable HIV Preexposure Prophylaxis Among Men Who Have Sex With Men in the United States (2021-2022): Nationwide Online Cross-Sectional Study.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2024Article
- Identifying patterns of sexual behaviors and PrEP uptake characteristics among MSM who were eligible for PrEP: A national cross-section study.Journal of virus eradication · 2024Article
- Equity of PrEP uptake by race, ethnicity, sex and region in the United States in the first decade of PrEP: a population-based analysis.Lancet regional health. Americas · 2024Article
- PrEP for people who use opioids: A NIDA clinical trials network survey study in Southern U.S. cities where HIV incidence is high.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2024Article
- Achieving the "Ending the HIV Epidemic in the U.S." incidence reduction goals among at-risk populations in the South.BMC public health · 2023Article
- Discontinuation of government subsidized HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis in Australia: a whole-of-population analysis of dispensing records.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2023Article
- Pre-exposure prophylaxis among Brazilian men who have sex with men: a comparative study between migrants and non-migrants.Frontiers in public health · 2023Observational
- HIV prevention for the next decade: Appropriate, person-centred, prioritised, effective, combination prevention.PLoS medicine · 2022Article
- Crowdsourcing is Acceptable to Develop Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Promotions in Alabama: A Qualitative Study with Sexual Minority Men and Sexual Health Providers.Journal of the International Association of Providers of AIDS CareArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
introductionHIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is effective in preventing HIV transmission. United States Public Health Service (USPHS) clinical practice guidelines define biobehavioral indications for initiation. To assess guideline implementation, it is critical to quantify PrEP nonusers who are indicated and PrEP users who are not indicated. We sought to estimate current PrEP use among US men who have sex with men (MSM), characterize whether their PrEP use aligned with their current indications for PrEP, and assess whether the association between PrEP indications and PrEP use differed by demography or geography.
methodsUsing data from a US web-based sexual network study of MSM between 2017 and 2019, we measured PrEP usage and assessed whether respondents met indications for PrEP. Log-binomial regression was used to estimate the relationship between PrEP indications and PrEP use, with adjustment for geography, age and race/ethnicity.
resultsOf 3508 sexually active, HIV-negative MSM, 34% met indications for PrEP. The proportion with current PrEP use was 32% among MSM meeting indications and 11% among those without indications. Nearly 40% of those currently using PrEP did not meet indications for PrEP, and 68% of MSM with indications for PrEP were not currently using PrEP. After adjusting for geography and demographics, MSM with PrEP indications were about three times as likely to be currently using PrEP. This association varied slightly, but not significantly, by geographic region, age and race/ethnicity.
conclusionsIndications for PrEP strongly predicted current PrEP use among US MSM. However, we identified substantial misalignment between indications and use in both directions (indicated MSM who were not benefitting from PrEP, and MSM taking PrEP while not presently being indicated). PrEP underuse by those at greatest risk for HIV acquisition may limit the projected impact of PrEP implementation, despite reported increases in PrEP provision. This calls for further implementation efforts to improve PrEP delivery to those most in need during periods of elevated sexual risk and to close the gap between indications and uptake.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.