Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34605010›Full record

ArticleJournal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines2022

Early manifestations of genetic risk for neurodevelopmental disorders.

Ragna Bugge Askeland, Laurie J Hannigan, Helga Ask, Ziada Ayorech, Martin Tesli, Elizabeth Corfield, Per Magnus, Pål Rasmus Njølstad, Ole A Andreassen, George Davey Smith and 2 more

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
22citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
4.2field-weighted citation impact, top 6% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

22 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 33 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  10. Direct and indirect genetic effects on early neurodevelopmental traits.Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.

Ragna Bugge AskelandDepartment of Mental Disorders, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.ORCID 0000-0002-7465-0634
Laurie J HanniganDepartment of Mental Disorders, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.
Helga AskDepartment of Mental Disorders, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.ORCID 0000-0003-0149-5319
Ziada AyorechMedical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
Martin TesliDepartment of Mental Disorders, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.
Elizabeth CorfieldDepartment of Mental Disorders, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.
Per MagnusCentre for Fertility and Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.
Pål Rasmus NjølstadDepartment of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
Ole A AndreassenDivision of Mental Health and Addiction, NORMENT Centre, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
George Davey SmithMedical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
Ted Reichborn-KjennerudDepartment of Mental Disorders, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.
Alexandra HavdahlDepartment of Mental Disorders, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.
Norwegian Institute of Public Health · NOOslo University Hospital · NOHaukeland University Hospital · NOUniversity of Bristol · GBWesterdals Oslo School of Arts, Communication and Technology · NO

Funding

Medical Research Council MC_UU_00011/1Norges Forskningsråd 274611
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAttention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), autism spectrum disorder (autism) and schizophrenia are highly heritable neurodevelopmental disorders, affecting the lives of many individuals. It is important to increase our understanding of how the polygenic risk for neurodevelopmental disorders manifests during childhood in boys and girls.

methodsPolygenic risk scores (PRS) for ADHD, autism and schizophrenia were calculated in a subsample of 15 205 children from the Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Study (MoBa). Mother-reported traits of repetitive behavior, social communication, language and motor difficulties, hyperactivity and inattention were measured in children at 6 and 18 months, 3, 5 and 8 years. Linear regression models in a multigroup framework were used to investigate associations between the three PRS and dimensional trait measures in MoBa, using sex as a grouping variable.

resultsBefore the age of 2, the ADHD PRS was robustly associated with hyperactivity and inattention, with increasing strength up to 8 years, and with language difficulties at age 5 and 8. The autism PRS was robustly associated with language difficulties at 18 months, motor difficulties at 36 months, and hyperactivity and inattention at 8 years. We did not identify robust associations for the schizophrenia PRS. In general, the PRS associations were similar in boys and girls. The association between ADHD PRS and hyperactivity at 18 months was, however, stronger in boys.

conclusionsPolygenic risk for autism and ADHD in the general population manifests early in childhood and broadly across behavioral measures of neurodevelopmental traits.

Indexed as

Attention Deficit Disorder with HyperactivityAutism Spectrum DisorderNeurodevelopmental DisordersChildChild, PreschoolCohort StudiesFemaleHumansMaleMothersRisk FactorsADHDautismhyperactivityinattentionlanguage and motor difficultiesMoBaneurodevelopmental disordersPolygenic risk scorerepetitive behaviorschizophreniasocial communication

Identifiers

PMID34605010
PMCPMC7616991
OpenAlexW2976011358

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.