Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34602024›Full record

ReviewPathogens and global health2022

Drought-related cholera outbreaks in Africa and the implications for climate change: a narrative review.

Gina E C Charnley, Ilan Kelman, Kris A Murray

Open access · greenAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Pathogens and global health, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
40citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
5.9field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

40 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 28 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Review
  9. Identification of priority areas for cholera control, Cameroon.Bulletin of the World Health Organization · 2026
    Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Review
  15. Climate change andProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
    Article
  16. Article
  17. Cholera in Africa: A Climate Change Crisis.Journal of epidemiology and global health · 2025
    Review
  18. DNA repair is essential forJournal of bacteriology · 2025
    Article
  19. Article
  20. Addressing water scarcity to support climate resilience and human health.Integrated environmental assessment and management · 2025
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.

Gina E C CharnleyMRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis, Imperial College London, London, UK.ORCID 0000-0003-2087-7822
Ilan KelmanUniversity of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway.ORCID 0000-0002-4191-6969
Kris A MurrayMRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis, Imperial College London, London, UK.
Imperial College London · GBMRC Unit the Gambia · GMUniversity of Agder · NO

Funding

Medical Research Council MR/R015600/1
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Africa has historically seen several periods of prolonged and extreme droughts across the continent, causing food insecurity, exacerbating social inequity and frequent mortality. A known consequence of droughts and their associated risk factors are infectious disease outbreaks, which are worsened by malnutrition, poor access to water, sanitation and hygiene and population displacement. Cholera is a potential causative agent of such outbreaks. Africa has the highest global cholera burden, several drought-prone regions and high levels of inequity. Despite this, research on cholera and drought in Africa is lacking. Here, we review available research on drought-related cholera outbreaks in Africa and identify a variety of potential mechanisms through which these outbreaks occurred, including poor access to water, marginalization of refugees and nomadic populations, expansion of informal urban settlements and demographic risks. Future climate change may alter precipitation, temperature and drought patterns, resulting in more extremes, although these changes are likely to be spatially heterogeneous. Despite high uncertainty in future drought projections, increases in drought frequency and/or durations have the potential to alter these related outbreaks into the future, potentially increasing cholera burden in the absence of countermeasures (e.g. improved sanitation infrastructure). To enable effective planning for a potentially more drought-prone Africa, inequity must be addressed, research on the health implications of drought should be enhanced, and better drought diplomacy is required to improve drought resilience under climate change.

Indexed as

CholeraAfricaClimate ChangeDisease OutbreaksDroughtsHumansWaterWaterAfricaclimate changedroughtoutbreaksVibrio cholerae

Identifiers

PMID34602024
PMCPMC8812730
OpenAlexW3201894486

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.