Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34600516›Full record

ArticleBMC neurology2021

Cell type-specific potential pathogenic genes and functional pathways in Alzheimer's Disease.

Xiao-Lan Wang, Lianjian Li

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC neurology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
35citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
3.0field-weighted citation impact, top 8% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

35 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 52 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Sex-stratified genome-wide meta-analysis identifies novel loci for cognitive decline in older adults.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025
    Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Decoding Alzheimer's Disease One Cell Class at a Time.Cellular and molecular neurobiology · 2026
    Review
  4. From correlation to causation: cell-type-specific gene regulatory networks in Alzheimer's disease.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Article
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  13. hsa_circRNA_092488 Exacerbates the Progression of Deep Vein Thrombosis Through the NLRP3/NF-κB Signaling PathwayTurkish journal of haematology : official journal of Turkish Society of Haematology · 2025
    Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Estrogen Receptors: A New Frontier in Alzheimer's Disease Therapy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024
    Review
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Xiao-Lan WangDepartment of Nephrology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China. xiao-lan.wang@etu.unistra.fr.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3549-3680
Lianjian LiDepartment of Surgery, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430061, China.
Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine · CNUnion Hospital · CN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAlzheimer's disease (AD) is a pervasive age-related and highly heritable neurodegenerative disorder but has no effective therapy. The complex cellular microenvironment in the AD brain impedes our understanding of pathogenesis. Thus, a comprehensive investigation of cell type-specific responses in AD is crucial to provide precise molecular and cellular targets for therapeutic development.

methodsHere, we integrated analyzed 4,441 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) that were identified from 263,370 single-cells in cortex samples by single-nucleus RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq) between 42 AD-pathology subjects and 39 normal controls within 3 studies. DEGs were analyzed in microglia, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, excitatory neurons, inhibitory neurons, and endothelial cells, respectively. In each cell type, we identified both common DEGs which were observed in all 3 studies, and overlapping DEGs which have been seen in at least 2 studies. Firstly, we showed the common DEGs expression and explained the biological functions by comparing with existing literature or multil-omics signaling pathways knowledgebase. We then determined the significant modules and hub genes, and explored the biological processes using the overlapping DEGs. Finally, we identified the common and distinct dysregulated pathways using overall DEGs and overlapping DEGs in a cell type-specific manner.

resultsUp-regulated LINGO1 has been seen in both oligodendrocytes and excitatory neurons across 3 studies. Interestingly, genes enriched in the mitochondrial module were up-regulated across all cell types, which indicates mitochondrial dysfunction in the AD brain. The estrogen signaling pathway seems to be the most common pathway that is disrupted in AD.

conclusionTogether, these analyses provide detailed information of cell type-specific and overall transcriptional changes and pathways underlying the human AD-pathology. These findings may provide important insights for drug development to tackle this disease.

Indexed as

Alzheimer DiseaseBrainEndothelial CellsGene Expression ProfilingHumansSignal TransductionAlzheimer's diseasecell type-specificestrogen signaling pathwaymitochondrial dysfunctiontranscriptomic

Identifiers

PMID34600516
PMCPMC8487122
OpenAlexW3202232284

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.