Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34598817›Full record

ReviewTrends in ecology & evolution2022

Linguistic laws in biology.

Stuart Semple, Ramon Ferrer-I-Cancho, Morgan L Gustison

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Trends in ecology & evolution, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
20citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

20 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Humans 40,000 y ago developed a system of conventional signs.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026
    Article
  5. Review
  6. Review
  7. Vocal efficiency in crows.Animal cognition · 2025
    Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Investigating DNA words and their distributions across the tree of life.Computational and structural biotechnology journal · 2025
    Article
  11. Article
  12. Protein Fold Usages in Ribosomes: Another Glance to the Past.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024
    Article
  13. Article
  14. Language-like efficiency and structure in house finch song.Proceedings. Biological sciences · 2024
    Article
  15. Review
  16. Zipfian Distributions in Child-Directed Speech.Open mind : discoveries in cognitive science · 2023
    Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Stuart SempleSchool of Life and Health Sciences, University of Roehampton, London, UK. Electronic address: s.semple@roehampton.ac.uk.
Ramon Ferrer-I-CanchoComplexity and Quantitative Linguistics Laboratory, Laboratory for Relational Algorithmics, Complexity, and Learning Research Group, Departament de Ciències de la Computació, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 08034 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
Morgan L GustisonDepartment of Integrative Biology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.

Funding

Neural circuits of vocal communication during social bondingK99MH126164 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT AUSTIN · PI GUSTISON, MORGAN · 2021 to 2022
$213k
NIMH NIH HHS K99 MH126164
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Linguistic laws, the common statistical patterns of human language, have been investigated by quantitative linguists for nearly a century. Recently, biologists from a range of disciplines have started to explore the prevalence of these laws beyond language, finding patterns consistent with linguistic laws across multiple levels of biological organisation, from molecular (genomes, genes, and proteins) to organismal (animal behaviour) to ecological (populations and ecosystems). We propose a new conceptual framework for the study of linguistic laws in biology, comprising and integrating distinct levels of analysis, from description to prediction to theory building. Adopting this framework will provide critical new insights into the fundamental rules of organisation underpinning natural systems, unifying linguistic laws and core theory in biology.

Indexed as

EcosystemLinguisticsAnimalsBiologyLanguagecommunicationcompressioninformation theoryMenzerathZipf

Identifiers

PMID34598817
PMCPMC8678306

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.