ArticlePloS one2021
High prevalence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae fecal carriage among children under five years in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Article in PloS one, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 43 citations in OpenAlex.
- An insight into the antibiotic resistance profiles of ESKAPE pathogens isolated from humans in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Pooled it
- The intersection of the social determinants of health and antimicrobial resistance in human populations: a systematic review.BMJ global health · 2025Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Prevalence and clonal diversity of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae causing neonatal infections: A systematic review of 128 articles across 30 countries.PLoS medicine · 2023Pooled it
- Colonization with multidrug-resistant bacteria among children hospitalized abroad-a study from Finland.Journal of travel medicine · 2026Article
- High gastrointestinal carriage rates of extended-spectrum-β-lactamase-producing enterobacterales and associated factors among hospitalized and nonhospitalized children in Kenya.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Phenotypic and molecular characterization of Klebsiella pneumoniae in neonates and pediatric patients: antibiotic resistance, β-Lactamase genes, and sociodemographic risk factors.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Article
- Diagnostic Underuse and Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns Among Hospitalized Children in a National Referral Hospital in Kenya: A Five-Year Retrospective Study.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Integrating computational approaches to uncover β-lactamase-associated resistance in diarrheagenic Escherichia coli from pediatric patients.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Tossing the coin of extended-spectrum β-lactamase: prevalence of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from patients with sepsis.Access microbiology · 2025Article
- Article
- Fecal carriage of ESBL-producing E. coli and genetic characterization in rural children and livestock in the Somali region, Ethiopia: a one health approach.Antimicrobial resistance and infection control · 2024Article
- Occurrence of Extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) and Carbapenemase-producing Escherichia coli isolated from Childhood Diarrhoea in Yaoundé, Cameroon.BMC microbiology · 2024Article
- Phenotypic and Genotypic Profiles of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase-Producing Multidrug-ResistantAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Phenotypic and molecular characterization of β-lactamase-producing Klebsiella species among children discharged from hospital in Western Kenya.BMC microbiology · 2024Article
- Carriage of third-generation cephalosporin-resistant and carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales among children in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis.EClinicalMedicine · 2024Article
- Article
- Fecal carriage of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing enterobacterales from hospitals and community settings in Gaza Strip, Palestine.BMC microbiology · 2023Article
- Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns and Risk Factors Associated with ESBL-Producing and MDRMicroorganisms · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundExtended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing bacteria present an ever-growing burden in the hospital and community settings. Data on the prevalence of ESBL fecal carriage remain scarce in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the prevalence of ESBL producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae fecal carriage among children under five years in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
methodsA facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted from April to May 2017. A total of 269 fecal/rectal swab samples were cultured on MacConkey agar. All positive cultures were characterized by colony morphology, Gram stain, and standard biochemical tests. Further, bacteria identification, antimicrobial susceptibility testing, and phenotypic detection of ESBL production were performed using VITEK 2 Compact as per the instruction of the manufacturer. Socio-demographic and risk factors data were collected using questionnaires. Data were entered by EPI INFO version 7.2.1.0 and analyzed by SPSS version 20.
resultsThe overall prevalence of ESBL-producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae was 17.1% (46/269; 95% CI: 12.9%-22.7%). A total of 47 isolates were ESBL-positive, of which, 83.0% were E. coli and 17.0% were K. pneumoniae. ESBL producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae isolates were also showed high levels of MDR (93.6%) and high rates of co-resistance to aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. However, all isolates were carbapenem susceptible. In the risk factors analysis, Children's mothers who had lower educational level (primary school) (OR: 2.472, 95% CI: 1.323-4.618, P = 0.0062) and children who used tap water for drinking (OR: 1.714, 95% CI: 1.001-3.659, P = 0.048) were found to be significantly associated with higher ESBL fecal carriage.
conclusionsIn this study, the high prevalence rate of ESBL producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae fecal carriage and high level of multidrug resistance among ESBL producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae were demonstrated. This suggested that the necessity of routine screening of ESBL is crucial for the early detection and appropriate antibiotics selection for infection caused by ESBL producing pathogens.
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