ArticlePloS one2021
COVID-19-related outcomes in immunocompromised patients: A nationwide study in Korea.
Article in PloS one, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 46 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
46 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Integrated Clinical and Social Impacts of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Korea: A Combined Systematic and Narrative Review.Journal of Korean medical science · 2026Pooled it
- Disparities in COVID-19 mortality amongst the immunosuppressed: A systematic review and meta-analysis for enhanced disease surveillance.The Journal of infection · 2024Pooled it
- The impact of immunocompromise on outcomes of COVID-19 in children and young people-a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Pooled it
- Clinical outcome in solid organ transplant recipients affected by COVID-19 compared to general population: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Clinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases · 2022Pooled it
- Development of an ultrahigh affinity, trimeric ACE2 biologic as a universal SARS-CoV-2 antagonist.Communications biology · 2025Article
- Article
- Corticosteroids in immunocompromised ICU patients with severe COVID-19: a multicenter retrospective study.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Prognosis of critically ill immunocompromised patients with COVID-19 admitted for acute respiratory failure: a retrospective propensity score analysis.Journal of thoracic disease · 2025Article
- A Qualitative Descriptive Study to Assess Experiences and Care Needs of Patients With Cancer During the COVID-19 Pandemic.Oncology nursing forum · 2025Article
- Is COVID-19 Still a Threat? An Expert Opinion Review on the Continued Healthcare Burden in Immunocompromised Individuals.Advances in therapy · 2025Review
- COVID-19 in Pediatric Patients with and Without Immunocompromised.Medical journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran · 2025Article
- Risk factors for severe COVID-19 outcomes in the Asia-Pacific region: a literature review.Frontiers in public health · 2025Review
- One-year mortality and associated factors in older hospitalized COVID-19 survivors: a Nationwide Cohort Study in Korea.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Article
- The Association Between Physical Distancing Behaviors to Avoid COVID-19 and Health-Related Quality of Life in Immunocompromised and Nonimmunocompromised Individuals: Patient-Informed Protocol for the Observational, Cross-Sectional EAGLE Study.JMIR research protocols · 2024Observational
- The Predictive Performance of Risk Scores for the Outcome of COVID-19 in a 2-Year Swiss Cohort.Biomedicines · 2024Article
- Impact of Antidiabetic Drugs on Clinical Outcomes of COVID-19: A Nationwide Population-Based Study.Endocrinology and metabolism (Seoul, Korea) · 2024Article
- Decoding Immuno-Competence: A Novel Analysis of Complete Blood Cell Count Data in COVID-19 Outcomes.Biomedicines · 2024Article
- Characteristics of COVID-19 Disease in Renal Transplant Recipients.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2024Article
- High frequencies of alpha common cold coronavirus/SARS-CoV-2 cross-reactive functional CD4Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundGiven the rapid increased in confirmed coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and related mortality, it is important to identify vulnerable patients. Immunocompromised status is considered a risk factor for developing severe COVID-19. We aimed to determine whether immunocompromised patients with COVID-19 have an increased risk of mortality.
methodThe groups' baseline characteristics were balanced using a propensity score-based inverse probability of treatment weighting approach. Odds ratios (ORs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for the risks of in-hospital mortality and other outcomes according to immunocompromised status using a multivariable logistic regression model. We identified immunocompromised status based on a diagnosis of malignancy or HIV/AIDS, having undergone organ transplantation within 3 years, prescriptions for corticosteroids or oral immunosuppressants for ≥30 days, and at least one prescription for non-oral immunosuppressants during the last year.
resultsThe 6,435 COVID-19 patients (≥18 years) included 871 immunocompromised (13.5%) and 5,564 non-immunocompromised (86.5%). Immunocompromised COVID-19 patients were older (60.1±16.4 years vs. 47.1±18.7 years, absolute standardized mean difference: 0.738). The immunocompromised group had more comorbidities, a higher Charlson comorbidity index, and a higher in-hospital mortality rate (9.6% vs. 2.3%; p < .001). The immunocompromised group still had a significantly higher in-hospital mortality rate after inverse probability of treatment weighting (6.4% vs. 2.0%, p < .001). Multivariable analysis adjusted for baseline imbalances revealed that immunocompromised status was independently associated with a higher risk of mortality among COVID-19 patients (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 2.09, 95% CI: 1.62-2.68, p < .001).
conclusionsImmunocompromised status among COVID-19 patients was associated with a significantly increased risk of mortality.
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