ArticleJournal of neuro-oncology2021
Comparison of hypothyroidism, growth hormone deficiency, and adrenal insufficiency following proton and photon radiotherapy in children with medulloblastoma.
Article in Journal of neuro-oncology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 41 citations in OpenAlex.
- Proton beam therapy indications in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: A SARO clinical practice guideline.Saudi medical journal · 2025Guideline
- Proton versus photon radiation therapy for pediatric medulloblastomas: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery · 2025Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Non-cancer effects after proton beam therapy for pediatric tumors- a narrative review.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Pooled it
- Proton Radiation Therapy: A Systematic Review of Treatment-Related Side Effects and Toxicities.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Pooled it
- Clinical Outcomes and New Treatments in Pediatric Brain Tumors.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2026Article
- Emerging Outcome Trends From Proton Therapy for Pediatric CNS Tumors: A Systematic Review.International journal of particle therapy · 2026Review
- Advancing Particle Therapy to Improve Cancer Care: Report on "2nd World Forum on Particle Therapy".International journal of particle therapy · 2026Review
- Endocrine disorders in pediatric medulloblastoma survivors treated with X-ray or proton beam therapy: a single-institution retrospective study.Endocrine journal · 2026Observational
- Growth Outcomes and Relapse Risk in Pediatric Medulloblastoma Survivors with and Without Growth Hormone Therapy: A 23-Year Single-Center Cohort Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Machine learning-based identification of extracellular matrix-related prognostic subtypes in SHH-activated medulloblastoma.Discover oncology · 2026Article
- Update on diagnostic and therapeutic challenges of central hypothyroidism among childhood cancer survivors.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2025Review
- Cost-Effectiveness of Proton Versus Photon Therapy for Medulloblastoma Using Updated Clinical Outcomes.International journal of particle therapy · 2025Article
- Relative risk of cardiac mortality and dosimetric comparison among three-dimensional radiotherapy, volume-modulated arc therapy and proton beam in vertebral-body reduced-dose craniospinal irradiation.Journal of radiation research · 2025Article
- Advancing medulloblastoma therapy: strategies and survival insights.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2025Review
- Pediatric CNS Radiation Oncology: Recent Developments and Novel Techniques.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2025Review
- Helical tomotherapy craniospinal irradiation in primary brain tumours: Toxicities and outcomes in a peadiatric and adult population.Clinical and translational radiation oncology · 2024Article
- Recent Advances in Pediatric Medulloblastoma.Current neurology and neuroscience reports · 2023Review
- Mitigating Radiotoxicity in the Central Nervous System: Role of Proton Therapy.Current treatment options in oncology · 2023Review
- Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundEndocrine deficiencies are common following Craniospinal irradiation (CSI) in children with brain tumors, but empirical data comparing outcomes following proton (PRT) and photon radiation therapy (XRT) are limited.
methodsThis retrospective chart review compared the incidence of hypothyroidism, Growth hormone deficiency (GHD), and Adrenal insufficiency (AI) in patients with medulloblastoma treated with XRT and PRT between 1997 and 2016. All patients received CSI and had routine endocrine screening labs to evaluate for thyroid dysfunction, GHD, and AI. We used proportional hazards regression to calculate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) comparing the development of hypothyroidism, AI, and GHD between radiation modalities, adjusting for age at diagnosis, sex, race/ethnicity, and CSI dose.
resultsWe identified 118 patients with medulloblastoma who were followed for a median of 5.6 years from the end of radiotherapy. Thirty-five (31%) patients developed hypothyroidism, 71 (66%) GHD, and 20 (18%) AI. Compared to PRT, XRT was associated with a higher incidence of primary hypothyroidism (28% vs. 6%; HR = 4.61, 95% CI 1.2-17.7, p = 0.03). Central hypothyroidism, GHD, and AI incidence rates were similar between the groups.
conclusionsPrimary hypothyroidism occurs less often after PRT CSI, compared to XRT CSI. This suggests that the thyroid and pituitary glands receive less radiation after spine and posterior fossa boost RT, respectively, using PRT.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.