ArticleJournal of extracellular vesicles2021
Extracellular vesicles from adipose tissue-derived stem cells alleviate osteoporosis through osteoprotegerin and miR-21-5p.
Article in Journal of extracellular vesicles, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 124 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
124 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 189 citations in OpenAlex.
- Extracellular Vesicles for Treatment of Bone Resorption-Related Diseases in Animal Models: Systematic Review.Calcified tissue international · 2026Pooled it
- Unlocking the potential of stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles in osteoporosis therapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis of preclinical studies.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles for the Treatment of Osteoporosis: A Systematic Review of Preclinical Evidence.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Extracellular vesicle-mediated crosstalk in bone: miR-150-5p as a mechanosensitive regulator of osteoclastogenesis.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2026Article
- Bioactive hydrogels for bone tissue engineering: Design strategies, bioactive cargo delivery, and artificial intelligence-assisted clinical translation.Asian journal of pharmaceutical sciences · 2026Review
- Adipose stem cells derived extracellular vesicles alleviate retinal excitotoxicity via miR-23a-5p/PLCD1/PKCA/GluA2 axis: a potential therapeutic strategy.Stem cell research & therapy · 2026Article
- Endothelial Integrin-Linked Kinase (ILK) Deficiency Promotes Endothelial Activation and Cardiovascular Dysfunction via Receptor Interacting Protein Kinase-1 (RIPK1) Enriched-Extracellular Vesicle Signalling.Journal of extracellular vesicles · 2026Article
- Application and prospects of nanomaterials in osteoporosis treatment.International journal of pharmaceutics: X · 2026Review
- Engineered Akkermansia muciniphila extracellular vesicles for targeted delivery of miR-21-5p alleviate postmenopausal osteoporosis via PI3K-AKT pathway.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Article
- Stem Cells and their Key Derivatives in Degenerative Musculoskeletal Diseases.Stem cell reviews and reports · 2026Review
- Advancements in bone organoids: perspectives on construction methodologies and application strategies.Journal of advanced research · 2026Review
- Abnormal circ-CDK8 expression affects periodontitis development by regulating let-7b-5p/MAP4K3 signaling.Regenerative therapy · 2026Article
- Exosomes Derived from BMSCs Treated with CeONPs Ameliorate Radiation-Induced Jaw Bone Injury via miR-21-5p/STAT3 Axis-Mediated Osteogenesis and ROS Scavenging.Pharmaceutics · 2026Article
- Targeted Delivery of Nucleic Acid Therapeutics: Emerging Carriers and Applications in Common Metabolic and Inflammatory Diseases.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Review
- Extracellular vesicles and their translational therapeutic potential.ADMET & DMPK · 2026Article
- S100A12 as a Shared Inflammatory Driver of Intervertebral Disc Degeneration and Osteoporosis: A Mendelian Randomization and Experimental Study.Journal of inflammation research · 2026Article
- The recent progression of extracellular vesicles application in osteoporosis.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
- Extracellular vesicles inEXO : beyond the cell · 2026Article
- Non-Bone-Derived Extracellular Vesicles in Osteoporosis: Evidence Mapping and Nanomedicine Translation.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Review
- From bench to bedside: the promise and roadblocks of extracellular vesicle therapeutics.Theranostics · 2026Review
64 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
16 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Osteoporosis is one of the most common skeletal disorders caused by the imbalance between bone formation and resorption, resulting in quantitative loss of bone tissue. Since stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) are growing attention as novel cell-free therapeutics that have advantages over parental stem cells, the therapeutic effects of EVs from adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ASC-EVs) on osteoporosis pathogenesis were investigated. ASC-EVs were isolated by a multi-filtration system based on the tangential flow filtration (TFF) system and characterized using transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering, zeta potential, flow cytometry, cytokine arrays, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. EVs are rich in growth factors and cytokines related to bone metabolism and mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) migration. In particular, osteoprotegerin (OPG), a natural inhibitor of receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL), was highly enriched in ASC-EVs. We found that the intravenous administration of ASC-EVs attenuated bone loss in osteoporosis mice. Also, ASC-EVs significantly inhibited osteoclast differentiation of macrophages and promoted the migration of bone marrow-derived MSCs (BM-MSCs). However, OPG-depleted ASC-EVs did not show anti-osteoclastogenesis effects, demonstrating that OPG is critical for the therapeutic effects of ASC-EVs. Additionally, small RNA sequencing data were analysed to identify miRNA candidates related to anti-osteoporosis effects. miR-21-5p in ASC-EVs inhibited osteoclast differentiation through Acvr2a down-regulation. Also, let-7b-5p in ASC-EVs significantly reduced the expression of genes related to osteoclastogenesis. Finally, ASC-EVs reached the bone tissue after they were injected intravenously, and they remained longer. OPG, miR-21-5p, and let-7b-5p in ASC-EVs inhibit osteoclast differentiation and reduce gene expression related to bone resorption, suggesting that ASC-EVs are highly promising as cell-free therapeutic agents for osteoporosis treatment.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.