ArticleEpidemiology and infection2019
Gastrointestinal infections caused by consumption of raw drinking milk in England & Wales, 1992-2017.
Article in Epidemiology and infection, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Party identification and public attitudes toward raw milk, water fluoridation, and acetaminophen use.Health affairs scholar · 2026Article
- Enhanced laboratory surveillance study ofJournal of medical microbiology · 2025Article
- Genotypic analysis of Shiga toxin-producingJournal of medical microbiology · 2024Article
- Microbiological Characterization of Protected Designation of Origin Serra da Estrela Cheese.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Transforming Shiga toxin-producingFrontiers in microbiology · 2023Article
- Outbreak of STEC O157:H7 linked to a milk pasteurisation failure at a dairy farm in England, 2019.Epidemiology and infection · 2022Article
- Microbiological quality of raw drinking milk and unpasteurised dairy products: results from England 2013-2019.Epidemiology and infection · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Systematic, national surveillance of outbreaks of intestinal infectious disease has been undertaken by Public Health England (PHE) since 1992. Between 1992 and 2002, there were 19 outbreaks linked to raw drinking milk (RDM) or products made using raw milk, involving 229 people; 36 of these were hospitalised. There followed an eleven-year period (2003-2013) where no outbreaks linked to RDM were reported. However, since 2014 seven outbreaks of Escherichia coli O157:H7 (n = 3) or Campylobacter jejuni (n = 4) caused by contaminated RDM were investigated and reported. Between 2014 and 2017, there were 114 cases, five reported hospitalisations and one death. The data presented within this review indicated that the risk of RDM has increased since 2014. Despite the labelling requirements and recommendations that children should not consume RDM, almost a third of outbreak cases were children. In addition, there has been an increase in consumer popularity and in registered RDM producers in the UK. The Food Standards Agency (FSA) continue to provide advice on RDM to consumers and have recently made additional recommendations to enhance existing controls around registration and hygiene of RDM producers.
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