ArticleOncoimmunology2021
Downregulating testosterone levels enhance immunotherapy efficiency.
Article in Oncoimmunology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Smoking Status and Survival in Patients With Early-Stage Primary Cutaneous Melanoma.JAMA network open · 2024Trial
- The impact of gut microbiota and metabolite-driven immune cell spatiotemporal dynamics on tumors.Gut microbes · 2026Review
- Prognostic significance of calcium signaling-related genes in bladder cancer and the role of ATP2B4 in regulating mitochondrial calcium ion levels via the VDAC1/MCU pathway.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Review
- Sex disparities in hepatocellular carcinoma immunotherapy: hormonal and genetic influences on treatment efficacy.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Inhibition of inosine metabolism of the gut microbiota decreases testosterone secretion in the testis.mSystems · 2024Article
- Sex differences in colorectal cancer: with a focus on sex hormone-gut microbiome axis.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2024Review
- The influence of sex hormones on renal cell carcinoma.Therapeutic advances in medical oncology · 2024Review
- Direct and indirect effects of estrogens, androgens and intestinal microbiota on colorectal cancer.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2024Review
- Murine fecal microbiota transfer models selectively colonize human microbes and reveal transcriptional programs associated with response to neoadjuvant checkpoint inhibitors.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2022Article
- Sex, Allergic Diseases and Omalizumab.Biomedicines · 2022Review
- Sex-Biased Immune Responses to Antibiotics during Anti-PD-L1 Treatment in Mice with Colon Cancer.Journal of immunology research · 2022Article
- Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Low response rates to certain tumor types remain a major challenge for immune checkpoint blockade therapy. In this study, we first conducted an integrated biomarker evaluation of bladder cancer patients from confirmatory cohorts (IMvigor210) and found that no significant differences exist between sexes before acceptance of anti-PD-L1 treatment, whereas male patients showed a better response. Thus, we then focused on sex-related changes post anti-PD-L1 treatment and found no obvious impact on the gut microbiota in male mice but a significant decrease in the sex hormone levels. Further, castration dramatically enhanced the antitumor efficacy against murine colon adenocarcinoma in male mice. Moreover, a narrow-spectrum antibiotic, colistin was innovatively used for deregulation of testosterone levels to enhance the immunotherapy efficiency in male mice. These findings indicate that the impact on the sex hormone levels in males may contribute to the sexual dimorphism in response and provide a promising way to enhance immunotherapy efficiency.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.