ReviewExperimental and therapeutic medicine2021
Emerging roles of growth differentiation factor-15 in brain disorders (Review).
Review in Experimental and therapeutic medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 41 citations in OpenAlex.
- Circulating level of growth-differentiation factor 15 and the functional outcome after acute ischemic stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Head & face medicine · 2024Pooled it
- Dissecting Alzheimer's proteomic landscape through NULISA profiling of brain cell-specific extracellular vesicles.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026Article
- The AMPK/GDF15 Axis: A Novel Target for the Neuroprotective Effects of Metformin in Ischemic Stroke.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Review
- Serum GDF15 as a supportive biomarker in female fibromyalgia patients based on a prospective case-control study.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Evaluating the utility of growth differentiation factor 15 and fibroblast growth factor 21 as blood biomarkers for Rett syndrome.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Current and novel biomarkers in cardiogenic shock.European journal of heart failure · 2025Review
- Characterization of feline nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug activated gene-1 (fNAG-1) and its protective function in kidney cells.BMC veterinary research · 2025Article
- Mediating and moderating effects of plasma proteomic biomarkers on the association between poor oral health problems and brain white matter microstructural integrity: the UK Biobank study.Molecular psychiatry · 2025Article
- Increased Growth Differentiation Factor 15 Levels Are Associated with HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Impairment: A Pilot Study.Brain sciences · 2025Article
- GDF-15 and mtDNA Deletions Are Useful Biomarkers of Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Insulin Resistance and PCOS.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Mediating and moderating effects of plasma proteomic biomarkers on the association between poor oral health problems and incident dementia: The UK Biobank study.GeroScience · 2024Article
- Multimodal analysis of dysregulated heme metabolism, hypoxic signaling, and stress erythropoiesis in Down syndrome.Cell reports · 2024Article
- Differentiation and regulation of CD4Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2024Review
- Plasma proteomic biomarkers and the association between poor cardiovascular health and incident dementia: The UK Biobank study.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2024Article
- A promising frontier: targeting NETs for stroke treatment breakthroughs.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2024Review
- Skeletal muscle reprogramming enhances reinnervation after peripheral nerve injury.Research square · 2024Article
- Hospital-treated prevalent infections, the plasma proteome and incident dementia among UK older adults.iScience · 2023Article
- Menstrual blood-derived endometrial stem cells alleviate neuroinflammation by modulating M1/M2 polarization in cell and rat Parkinson's disease models.Stem cell research & therapy · 2023Article
- TNFR-1 and GDF-15 Are Associated With Plasma Neurofilament Light Chain and Progranulin Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Secondary Analysis of the MAPT Study.The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2023Article
- Role of the Stress- and Inflammation-Induced Cytokine GDF-15 in Cardiovascular Diseases: From Basic Research to Clinical Relevance.Reviews in cardiovascular medicine · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Brain disorders, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease and cerebral stroke, are an important contributor to mortality and disability worldwide, where their pathogenesis is currently a topic of intense research. The mechanisms underlying the development of brain disorders are complex and vary widely, including aberrant protein aggregation, ischemic cell necrosis and neuronal dysfunction. Previous studies have found that the expression and function of growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF15) is closely associated with the incidence of brain disorders. GDF15 is a member of the TGFβ superfamily, which is a dimer-structured stress-response protein. The expression of GDF15 is regulated by a number of proteins upstream, including p53, early growth response-1, non-coding RNAs and hormones. In particular, GDF15 has been reported to serve an important role in regulating angiogenesis, apoptosis, lipid metabolism and inflammation. For example, GDF15 can promote angiogenesis by promoting the proliferation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells, apoptosis of prostate cancer cells and fat metabolism in fasted mice, and GDF15 can decrease the inflammatory response of lipopolysaccharide-treated mice. The present article reviews the structure and biosynthesis of GDF15, in addition to the possible roles of GDF15 in Alzheimer's disease, cerebral stroke and Parkinson's disease. The purpose of the present review is to summarize the mechanism underlying the role of GDF15 in various brain disorders, which hopes to provide evidence and guide the prevention and treatment of these debilitating conditions.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.