ArticleJournal of inflammation research2021
TILRR (Toll-like Interleukin-1 Receptor Regulator), an Important Modulator of Inflammatory Responsive Genes, is Circulating in the Blood.
Article in Journal of inflammation research, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Effect of Heparin and Other Exogenous Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) in Reducing IL-1β-Induced Pro-Inflammatory Cytokine IL-8 and IL-6 mRNA Expression and the Potential Role for Reducing Inflammation.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Host genetic susceptibility underlying SARS-CoV-2-associated Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Brazilian Children.Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2022Article
- Natural Immunity against HIV-1: Progression of Understanding after Association Studies.Viruses · 2022Review
- Toll-like Interleukin -1 Receptor Regulator (TILRR) Protein, a Major Modulator of Inflammation, is Expressed in Normal Human and Macaque Tissues and PBMCs.Journal of inflammation research · 2022Article
- TILRR Aggravates Sepsis-Induced Acute Lung Injury by Suppressing the PI3K/Akt Pathway.Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeTILRR (Toll-like interleukin-1 receptor regulator), a variant of FREM1 (Fras-related extracellular matrix 1), is a modulator of many genes in NF-κB (nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells) signaling and inflammatory responses. It enhanced the expression of multiple genes in the NF-κB signaling pathway and promoted the production of multiple pro-inflammatory cytokines/chemokines. TILRR is an extracellular matrix protein and expressed in cells and tissues, and has never been considered to exist in the blood. The study aimed to identify circulating TILRR protein in human plasma as a biomarker of systemic inflammation. METHODS AND
resultsWe developed a multiplex bead array method (Bio-Plex) using 4 monoclonal antibodies targeting different protein domains of FREM1/TILRR to investigate whether TILRR can be detected in blood plasma. The results of the multiplex bead array method were validated by Western blot analysis of affinity-purified TILRR from patient plasma samples. We subsequently analyzed 640 plasma samples from women enrolled in the Pumwani Sex Worker cohort (PSWC) (Nairobi, Kenya). Our study showed that TILRR exists in all patient plasma samples, but its quantities vary greatly among the patients, ranging from 2.38 ng/mL to 5196.79 ng/mL. The plasma TILRR below 2.38 ng/mL can only be detected by affinity purification and Western blot analysis.
conclusionOur in-house developed multiplex bead array method can successfully quantify TILRR protein in plasma samples. Because TILRR is an important modulator of many inflammation-responsive genes, it may be an inflammation biomarker in blood and play a role in modulating systemic inflammation.
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