ArticleScientific reports2021
Identification of new reference genes with stable expression patterns for gene expression studies using human cancer and normal cell lines.
Article in Scientific reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers.
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29 citing papers in PubMed, 46 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Selecting Optimal Housekeeping Genes for RT-qPCR in Endometrial Cancer Studies: A Narrative Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Selection of Stable Reference Genes for Gene Expression Studies in Activated and Non-Activated PBMCs Under Normoxic and Hypoxic Conditions.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
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- TDP1 splice-site mutation causes HAP1 cell hypersensitivity to topoisomerase I inhibition.Nucleic acids research · 2025Article
- Identification of new reference genes with stable expression patterns for cell cycle experiments in human leukemia cell lines.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Identification of endogenous reference genes for RT-qPCR analysis in breast cancer and matched adjacent tissues.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Article
- Catalogue of LPS-induced transcriptional changes across vertebrates identifies syntenically conserved human long non-coding RNAs that regulate the innate immune response.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Prognostic and therapeutic implications of tumor-restrictive type III collagen in the breast cancer microenvironment.NPJ breast cancer · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Reverse transcription-quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR) is a ubiquitously used method in biological research, however, finding appropriate reference genes for normalization is challenging. We aimed to identify genes characterized with low expression variability among human cancer and normal cell lines. For this purpose, we investigated the expression of 12 candidate reference genes in 13 widely used human cancer cell lines (HeLa, MCF-7, A-549, K-562, HL-60(TB), HT-29, MDA-MB-231, HCT 116, U-937, SH-SY5Y, U-251MG, MOLT-4 and RPMI-8226) and, in addition, 7 normal cell lines (HEK293, MRC-5, HUVEC/TERT2, HMEC, HFF-1, HUES 9, XCL-1). In our set of genes, we included SNW1 and CNOT4 as novel candidate reference genes based on the RNA HPA cell line gene data from The Human Protein Atlas. HNRNPL and PCBP1 were also included along with the "classical" reference genes ACTB, GAPDH, IPO8, PPIA, PUM1, RPL30, TBP and UBC. Results were evaluated using GeNorm, NormFiner, BestKeeper and the Comparative ΔCt methods. In conclusion, we propose IPO8, PUM1, HNRNPL, SNW1 and CNOT4 as stable reference genes for comparing gene expression between different cell lines. CNOT4 was also the most stable gene upon serum starvation.
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