ArticleBMJ (Clinical research ed.)2021
A new framework for developing and evaluating complex interventions: update of Medical Research Council guidance.
23 registry-linked trialsAbstract read
In one paragraph
Article in BMJ (Clinical research ed.), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 23 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 3,353 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.
0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3,353citing papers in PubMed, 7 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Educational Intervention in Nursing Students for the Care of Long-term Cancer Survivors and Their Families: An Exploratory Randomized Controlled Trial
Evaluating TESLA-G, a Gamified, Telegram-delivered, Quizzing Platform for Surgical Education in Medical Students: a Protocol for a Pilot Randomised Controlled Trial
Randomised Controlled Trial of Self-help Cognitive Behavioural Therapy for Depression in Adults With Pulmonary Hypertension.
Optimizing Mental Health for Young People at Clinical High Risk for Psychosis (CHR)
Network of Doctors for Multimorbidity and Diabetes - The NOMAD Intervention: Protocol for Feasibility Trial of Multidisciplinary Team Conferences for People With Diabetes and Multimorbidity
Feasibility of Inpatient Technology Enriched Stroke Rehabilitation During the Acute and Sub-acute Phase After Stroke
A Co-created Digital Intervention to Reduce Home-office Workers' Sedentary Behaviour: Protocol for the Click2Move Programme, a Cluster Randomised Controlled Trial
Feasibility of a Cross-sectorial Management Program in Hand Osteoarthritis
Developing a Nonpharmacological Pain Intervention for Community-dwelling Older Adults With Dementia
DEVISE - Development and Evaluation of an Online Intervention to Reduce Self-stigma in People With Visible Chronic Skin Diseases: a Randomized Controlled Trial
A Feasibility Study to Inform an RCT to Evaluate 'Accepting Your Body After Cancer', an Online-delivered, Group-based CBT Body Image Intervention, for Women Who Have Received Treatment for Breast Cancer
NCT06575764 naactive not recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2023, after this paper: background citation
The Heart Priority Programme for Patients at Risk of Dropout From Cardiac Rehabilitation - a Development- and Feasibility Study
Knowledge Translation and Exercise for Degenerative Meniscal Tears and Early Osteoarthritis: the KNEE-DEeP Feasibility Study
OBesity PREVention in Children and Young People Treated with ALLtogetheR: Prehabilitation Feasibility Intervention
Evaluating the Impact of a 12-month Multi-Modal Lifestyle Management Intervention on Disease Relevant Biomarkers Associated With Monoclonal Gammopathy of Unknown Significance (MGUS) and Smoldering Myeloma (SM): A Prospective Intervention Pilot Study
The Future of Pain Management: Can Person-centred and Precision AI-Based Decision Support Enhance Interdisciplinary Rehabilitation for Chronic Pain?
Virtual Reality Educational Intervention for Nursing Students' Day Surgery Patient Counselling: A Mixed-Methods Pilot Feasibility Study
Implementing Community Palliative Care for People With Heart Failure
Interactive Electronic Devices (IEDs) in the Home: Exploring How Young Children Use IEDs in the Family Home Setting
Feasibility of a Co-designed PRe-radiotherapy Exercise Programme for People With Stage I-III Non-small Cell Lung cAnCEr: A Single-centre, Single Arm Pilot Study
Evidence Based, Patient-led Development of a Novel Axial Spondyloarthritis Flare Management Pathway
Feasibility, Acceptability and Preliminary Efficacy of a Personalised Behavioural Intervention to Improve Adherence to Dietary and Lifestyle Cancer Prevention Recommendations in Adults Attending Breast and Colorectal Cancer Screening Programmes: A Three-Arm Randomised Pilot Trial (CANVIA)
Early Virtual Ankle Rehabilitation (EVAR): A Proof-of-concept Feasibility Study Exploring Patient Acceptability Using Qualitative Interviews With Nested Quantitative Analysis.
Who cites it
3,353 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Prehabilitation for femoroacetabular impingement syndrome: intervention development using the Medical Research Council Framework.Journal of ISAKOS : joint disorders & orthopaedic sports medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Cost-Effectiveness of Electronic Patient-Reported Outcome Measure Interventions in Cancer: Systematic Review and Parameter Extraction for Economic Modeling.Journal of medical Internet research · 2026Pooled it
- Non-pharmacological interventions and quality of life in female survivors of hormone receptor-positive breast cancer receiving adjuvant endocrine therapy: A systematic review.Anales del sistema sanitario de Navarra · 2026Pooled it
- Assessing group medical visits for the management of chronic pain in older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis.The Gerontologist · 2026Pooled it
- Effectiveness and Implementation of Digital Health Interventions on Physiological, Psychological, and Functional Outcomes in Adults With Multimorbidity: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Journal of medical Internet research · 2026Pooled it
- Financial incentives for smoking cessation among (expectant) parents: a systematic review of facilitators and barriers to implementation.Tobacco control · 2026Pooled it
- Effectiveness of eHealth Interventions for Adolescents and Young Adults With Congenital Heart Disease: Systematic Review.Journal of medical Internet research · 2026Pooled it
- Implementing pragmatic case finding to address alcohol use in general practice: a mixed methods feasibility study.Scandinavian journal of primary health care · 2026Trial
- Process evaluation of an integrated personalized eHealth programme after total and unicompartmental knee arthroplasty-Results of the multicenter ACTIVE randomized controlled trial.Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy : official journal of the ESSKA · 2026Trial
- Community-Based Personalised Lifestyle Intervention Guided by Intermittent Continuous Glucose Monitoring in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes: A Multicentre Randomised Controlled Trial.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2026Trial
- Performing lifestyle changes and reducing stroke risk: a process evaluation of a stroke prevention intervention.BMJ open · 2026Trial
- Implementation of a patient-centred complex intervention to improve Initial Medication Adherence to cardiovascular disease and diabetes treatments in primary care (the IMA-cRCT study): a mixed-methods process evaluation.BMJ quality & safety · 2026Trial
- Effects of self-acupressure on the fatigue-sleep disturbance-depression symptom cluster in breast cancer survivors: a phase III randomised controlled trial.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2026Trial
- Trial
- HI-PLUS: design of a cluster-randomized trial evaluating structured case management with telemonitoring to improve quality of life in heart failure.Clinical research in cardiology : official journal of the German Cardiac Society · 2026Trial
- Trial
- Assessing a Digital Platform (KOKU-Nut) to Improve Nutrition in Older Adults: Mixed Methods Feasibility Randomized Controlled Trial.JMIR aging · 2026Trial
- Trial
- Efficacy of a Remote Person-Centered Intervention Using an eHealth Platform and Telephone Support for Persons With Chronic Pain: Randomized Controlled Trial.JMIR formative research · 2026Trial
- Effects of a Psycho-Behavioural Intervention on Cancer-Related Fatigue Among Patients With Colorectal Cancer: A Pilot Randomised Controlled Trial.Psycho-oncology · 2026Trial
3,293 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
14 authors.
Kathryn SkivingtonMRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-3571-1561
Lynsay MatthewsMRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-5760-1080
Sharon Anne SimpsonMRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-6219-1768
Peter CraigMRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-7653-5832
Janis BairdMedical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-4039-4361
Jane M BlazebyMedical Research Council ConDuCT-II Hub for Trials Methodology Research and Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, Bristol, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-3354-3330
Kathleen Anne BoydHealth Economics and Health Technology Assessment Unit, Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-9764-0113
Neil CraigPublic Health Scotland, Glasgow, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-7370-5541
David P FrenchManchester Centre for Health Psychology, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-7663-7804
Emma McIntoshHealth Economics and Health Technology Assessment Unit, Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.ORCID 0000-0001-6340-3083
Mark PetticrewLondon School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-6378-5517
Jo Rycroft-MaloneFaculty of Health and Medicine, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK.ORCID 0000-0003-3858-5625
Martin WhiteMedical Research Council Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-1861-6757
Laurence MooreMRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.ORCID 0000-0003-2182-823X
Funding
Chief Scientist Office SPHSU11Chief Scientist Office SPHSU13Chief Scientist Office SPHSU14Chief Scientist Office SPHSU15Chief Scientist Office SPHSU16Chief Scientist Office SPHSU17Chief Scientist Office SPHSU18Medical Research Council MC_PC_13027Medical Research Council MC_UU_00006/7Medical Research Council MC_UU_00022/1Medical Research Council MC_UU_00022/2Medical Research Council MC_UU_00022/3Medical Research Council MC_UU_12011/4Medical Research Council MC_UU_12015/6Medical Research Council MC_UU_12017/11Medical Research Council MC_UU_12017/14Medical Research Council MC_UU_12017/15Medical Research Council MR/K025643/1
Abstract
PubMed holds no abstract for this paper.
Indexed as
Guidelines as TopicBiomedical ResearchHumansOutcome Assessment, Health CareResearch DesignUnited Kingdom
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390
Registered trials
NCT05270252ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT05520671ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT05726669ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT05757128ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT05913726ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT05981729ClinicalTrials.gov
and 17 more above
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.