Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34593076›Full record

Trial reportPublic health nutrition2022

Cluster-randomised trial of the impact of an obesity prevention intervention on childcare centre nutrition and physical activity environment over 2 years.

Ruby Natale, Folefac D Atem, Cynthia Lebron, M Sunil Mathew, Sitara M Weerakoon, Catherina Chang Martinez, Karla P Shelnutt, Rachel Spector, Sarah E Messiah

Open access · hybridAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
In one paragraph

Trial report in Public health nutrition, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
10citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
1.6field-weighted citation impact, top 17% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

10 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 18 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Interventions to prevent obesity in children aged 2 to 4 years old.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2025
    Pooled it
  3. Policy, system, and environmental interventions addressing obesity and diet-related outcomes in early childhood education settings: A systematic review.Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity · 2023
    Pooled it
  4. Trial
  5. Trial
  6. Trial
  7. Trial
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.

Ruby NataleDepartment of Pediatrics, University of Miami Miller, School of Medicine, Miami, FL33130, USA.
Folefac D AtemUniversity of Texas Health Science, Center School of Public Health, Dallas Campus, Dallas, TX, USA.
Cynthia LebronDepartment of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami Miller, School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.
M Sunil MathewUniversity of Texas Health Science, Center School of Public Health, Dallas Campus, Dallas, TX, USA.
Sitara M WeerakoonUniversity of Texas Health Science, Center School of Public Health, Dallas Campus, Dallas, TX, USA.
Catherina Chang MartinezNova Southeastern University, Davie, FL, USA.
Karla P ShelnuttDepartment of Family, Youth and Community Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
Rachel SpectorThe Children's Trust, Miami, FL, USA.
Sarah E MessiahUniversity of Texas Health Science, Center School of Public Health, Dallas Campus, Dallas, TX, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-6685-2175
University of Texas Health Science Center at Dallas · USUniversity of Miami · USChildren's Trust · USNova Southeastern University · USUniversity of Florida · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveThe prevalence of obesity among pre-school-aged children in the USA remains unacceptably high. Here, we examine the impact of Healthy Caregivers-Healthy Children (HC2) Phase 2, a childcare centre (CCC)-based obesity prevention intervention on changes in the CCC nutrition and physical activity environment over 2 school years.

designThis was a cluster-randomised trial with twelve CCC receiving the HC2 intervention arm and twelve in the control arm. The primary outcome was change in the Environment and Policy Assessment and Observation (EPAO) tool over 2 school years (Fall 2015, Spring 2016 and Spring 2017). Changes in EPAO physical activity and nutrition score were analysed via a: (1) random effects mixed models and (2) mixed models to determine the effect of HC2

settingThe study was conducted in twenty-four CCC serving low-income, ethnically diverse families in Miami-Dade County.

participantsIntervention CCC received (1) teachers/parents/children curriculum, (2) snack, beverage, physical activity, and screen time policies, and (3) menu modifications.

resultsTwo-year EPAO nutrition score changes in intervention CCC were almost twice that of control CCC. The EPAO physical activity environment scores only slightly improved in intervention CCC

conclusionsObesity prevention programmes can have a positive impact on the CCC nutrition environment and can promote healthy weight in early childhood. CCC may need consistent support to improve the physical activity environment to ensure the policies remain intact.

Indexed as

Child CarePediatric ObesityChildChild Day Care CentersChild, PreschoolExerciseHealth PromotionHumansObesityChildcare centreEarly childhoodObesity prevention

Identifiers

PMID34593076
PMCPMC9991736
OpenAlexW3204184251

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.