ArticleTropical diseases, travel medicine and vaccines2021
Vertical disease programs and their effect on integrated disease surveillance and response: perspectives of epidemiologists and surveillance officers in Nigeria.
Article in Tropical diseases, travel medicine and vaccines, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Barriers and facilitators to the implementation of integrated disease surveillance and response (IDSR) in Africa: a systematic review using the consolidated framework for implementation research (CFIR).Frontiers in public health · 2026Pooled it
- Challenges to 'Last Mile' Surveillance: Result of Programmatic Review of Integrated Skin NTDs Surveillance in Three Indonesian Districts.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2026Article
- The WHO pandemic agreement-securing Africa's leadership in a fragmenting global order.BMJ global health · 2026Review
- Implementation strategies for integrating non-communicable disease care into primary healthcare settings in sub-Saharan Africa: A systematic review.PLOS global public health · 2026Article
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- Communicable Disease Surveillance in South Africa and LMICs: A Systematic Review of Systems, Challenges, and Integration with Environmental Health.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2025Review
- Unlocking the blueprint to eliminating neglected tropical diseases: A review of efforts in 50 countries that have eliminated at least 1 NTD.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2025Review
- Improving the core functions of primary care in a Ugandan rural district.African journal of primary health care & family medicine · 2025Article
- Perspectives on integrating family planning and nutrition: a qualitative study of stakeholders.BMJ global health · 2025Article
- Health programme spillover effects on childhood vaccination in India: a difference-in-differences analysis of the Zinc and Oral Rehydration Salts Programme using retrospective demographic health surveys data.BMJ public health · 2025Article
- Key Characteristics and Perception of Different Outbreak Surveillance Systems in Côte d'Ivoire: Cross-Sectional Survey Among Users.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2024Article
- Availability and readiness of health facilities providing services for other infectious diseases to treat neglected tropical diseases in Ethiopia: implications for service integration in high burden areas.BMC health services research · 2024Article
- Introduction and acceptability of the Surveillance Outbreak Response Management and Analysis System (SORMAS) during the COVID-19 pandemic in Côte d'Ivoire.BMC public health · 2023Article
- Polio-philanthropy in Africa: A narrative review.Health science reports · 2023Article
- Assessment of strategic healthcare purchasing and financial autonomy in Tanzania: the case of results-based financing and health basket fund.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundIntegrated Disease Surveillance and Response (IDSR) is a cost-effective surveillance system designed to curb the inefficiency associated with vertical (disease-specific) programs. The study determined the existence and effect of vertical programs on disease surveillance and response in Nigeria.
methodsA cross-sectional study involving 14 State epidemiologists and Disease Notification Surveillance Officers (DSNOs) in 12 states located within the 6 geopolitical zones in Nigeria. Data was collected using mailed electronic semi-structured self-administered questionnaires. Response rate was 33.3%. The data was analyzed using SPSS version 20.
resultsHalf of the respondents were males (50.0%) and State epidemiologists (50.0%). Malaria, HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, and other diseases were ongoing vertical programs in the States surveyed. In over 90% of cases, vertical programs had different personnel, communication channels and supportive supervision processes different from the IDSR system. Although less than 50% acknowledged the existence of a forum for data harmonization, this forum was ineffectively utilized in 83.3% of cases. Specific disease funding was higher than that of IDSR (92.9%) and only 42.9% reported funding for IDSR activities from development partners in the State. Poor data management, low priority on IDSR priority diseases, and donor-driven programming were major negative effects of vertical programs. Improved funding, political ownership, and integration were major recommendations preferred by the respondents.
conclusionWe found that vertical programs in the surveyed States in the Nigerian health system led to duplication of efforts, inequitable funding, and inefficiencies in surveillance. We recommend integration of existing vertical programs into the IDSR system, increased resource allocation, and political support to improve IDSR.
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