ArticleBMC infectious diseases2021
Impact of immune checkpoint molecules on FoxP3
Article in BMC infectious diseases, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- Walking the tightrope: Balancing immune checkpoints and their inhibitors in host defence against bacterial infections.Journal of applied biomedicine · 2026Review
- Deletion of theFrontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- The Goat Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte-Associated Antigen-4 Gene: mRNA Expression and Association Analysis of Insertion/Deletion Variants with the Risk of Brucellosis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Effects of combined cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 and programed death 1 ligand-receptor blockade on interferon-gamma production in bovine leukemia virus-infected cattle.Veterinary world · 2024Article
- Regulation of Treg cells by cytokine signaling and co-stimulatory molecules.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Immunosuppressive Mechanisms in Brucellosis in Light of Chronic Bacterial Diseases.Microorganisms · 2022Review
- PRRSV-1 induced lung lesion is associated with an imbalance between costimulatory and coinhibitory immune checkpoints.Frontiers in microbiology · 2022Article
- Serum Levels of Seven General Cytokines in Acute Brucellosis Before and After Treatment.Infection and drug resistance · 2021Article
- Immune exhaustion in bacterial infections: mechanisms, consequences, and therapeutic implications.The Brazilian journal of infectious diseases : an official publication of the Brazilian Society of Infectious DiseasesReview
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe immunoregulatory functions of regulatory T cells (Tregs) in the development and progression of some chronic infectious diseases are mediated by immune checkpoint molecules and immunosuppressive cytokines. However, little is known about the immunosuppressive functions of Tregs in human brucellosis, which is a major burden in low-income countries. In this study, expressions of immune checkpoint molecules and Treg-related cytokines in patients with acute and chronic Brucella infection were evaluated to explore their impact at different stages of infection.
methodsForty patients with acute brucellosis and 19 patients with chronic brucellosis admitted to the Third People's Hospital of Linfen in Shanxi Province between August 2016 and November 2017 were enrolled. Serum and peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated from patients before antibiotic treatment and from 30 healthy subjects. The frequency of Tregs (CD4
resultsThe frequency of Tregs was higher in chronic patients than in healthy controls (P = 0.026) and acute patients (P = 0.042); The frequency of CTLA-4
conclusionsTreg cell immunity is involved in the chronicity of Brucella infection and indicates the implication of Tregs in the prognosis of brucellosis. CTLA-4 and TGF-β1 may contribute to Tregs-mediated immunosuppression in the chronic infection stage of a Brucella infection.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.