ArticleMMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report2021
Disparities in COVID-19 Vaccination Status, Intent, and Perceived Access for Noninstitutionalized Adults, by Disability Status - National Immunization Survey Adult COVID Module, United States, May 30-June 26, 2021.
Article in MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 71 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- Disparities in the Uptake of COVID-19 Vaccination Between Māori and Non-Māori in Aotearoa New Zealand.Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand · 2026Article
- Reported Barriers and Facilitators for Autistic Individuals, Persons with Other Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, and Their Caregivers to Receive the COVID-19 Vaccine: A Pilot Study.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2025Article
- Chronic conditions, disability, and COVID-19 testing and vaccination: A national Rapid Acceleration of Diagnostics-Underserved Populations analysis.Annals of epidemiology · 2025Article
- Covid-19 Vaccine Hesitancy and Under-Vaccination among Marginalized Populations in the United States and Canada: A Scoping Review.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2025Article
- Proximity to COVID-19 vaccination sites and vaccine uptake: the role of gender and vaccine distrust.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Association of disability with COVID-19 outcomes in older adults: a prospective analysis of the US health and retirement study.BMJ public health · 2025Article
- COVID-19 vaccination receipt and intention to vaccinate among adults with disabilities and functional limitations, United States.Annals of medicine · 2024Article
- Article
- Association between COVID-19 Booster Vaccination and COVID-19 Outcomes among U.S. Adults.Vaccines · 2024Article
- Disability and COVID-19: Challenges, testing, vaccination, and postponement and avoidance of medical care among minoritized communities.Disability and health journal · 2024Article
- Article
- Population Attributable Fraction of Nonvaccination of COVID-19 Due to Vaccine Hesitancy, United States, 2021.American journal of epidemiology · 2024Article
- Disparities in COVID-19 vaccine uptake among rural hard-to-reach population and urban high-risk groups of Bangladesh.PloS one · 2024Article
- Behavioral and social predictors of COVID-19 vaccine uptake among persons with disabilities in Kenya.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
- Article
- Effectiveness of the Original Monovalent Coronavirus Disease 2019 Vaccines in Preventing Emergency Department or Urgent Care Encounters and Hospitalizations Among Adults With Disabilities: VISION Network, June 2021-September 2022.Open forum infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Social determinants of health and vaccine uptake during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review.Preventive medicine reports · 2023Review
- Inequities in COVID-19 vaccination coverage for adolescents with and without disability, national immunization Survey-Child COVID module, July 22, 2021-February 26, 2022.Disability and health journal · 2023Article
- Addressing Rehabilitation Health Care Disparities During the Coronavirus Disease-2019 Pandemic and Beyond.Physical medicine and rehabilitation clinics of North America · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Estimates from the 2019 American Community Survey (ACS) indicated that 15.2% of adults aged ≥18 years had at least one reported functional disability (1). Persons with disabilities are more likely than are those without disabilities to have chronic health conditions (2) and also face barriers to accessing health care (3). These and other health and social inequities have placed persons with disabilities at increased risk for COVID-19-related illness and death, yet they face unique barriers to receipt of vaccination (4,5). Although CDC encourages that considerations be made when expanding vaccine access to persons with disabilities,* few public health surveillance systems measure disability status. To describe COVID-19 vaccination status and intent, as well as perceived vaccine access among adults by disability status, data from the National Immunization Survey Adult COVID Module (NIS-ACM) were analyzed. Adults with a disability were less likely than were those without a disability to report having received ≥1 dose of COVID-19 vaccine (age-adjusted prevalence ratio [aPR] = 0.88; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.84-0.93) but more likely to report they would definitely get vaccinated (aPR = 1.86; 95% CI = 1.43-2.42). Among unvaccinated adults, those with a disability were more likely to report higher endorsement of vaccine as protection (aPR = 1.29; 95% CI = 1.16-1.44), yet more likely to report it would be or was difficult to get vaccinated than did adults without a disability (aPR = 2.69; 95% CI = 2.16-3.34). Reducing barriers to vaccine scheduling and making vaccination sites more accessible might improve vaccination rates among persons with disabilities.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.