Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34591643›Full record

ArticleScience (New York, N.Y.)2021

The widespread IS200/IS605 transposon family encodes diverse programmable RNA-guided endonucleases.

Han Altae-Tran, Soumya Kannan, F Esra Demircioglu, Rachel Oshiro, Suchita P Nety, Luke J McKay, Mensur Dlakić, William P Inskeep, Kira S Makarova, Rhiannon K Macrae and 2 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Science (New York, N.Y.), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 252 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
252citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

252 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Engineering CRISPR guide RNAs for programmable RNA sensors.Biochemical Society transactions · 2023
    Pooled it
  2. Prime Editing: An Overview.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2027
    Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. 3D Genome Engineering Using CRISPR/dCas Systems.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026
    Review
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Review
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Review
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Compact 9dBEs Enable Efficient and Precise Genome Editing in Mammalian Cells and In Vivo.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026
    Article

192 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Han Altae-Tran *Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-1083-4802
Soumya Kannan *Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-7332-9662
F Esra DemirciogluHoward Hughes Medical Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-3866-2742
Rachel OshiroHoward Hughes Medical Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-0948-6361
Suchita P NetyHoward Hughes Medical Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-4201-1061
Luke J McKayDepartment of Land Resources and Environmental Sciences, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-2942-1821
Mensur DlakićDepartment of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-4315-1514
William P InskeepDepartment of Land Resources and Environmental Sciences, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-5203-817X
Kira S MakarovaNational Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, Bethesda, MD 20894, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-8174-2844
Rhiannon K MacraeHoward Hughes Medical Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-7850-9056
Eugene V KooninNational Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, Bethesda, MD 20894, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-3943-8299
Feng ZhangHoward Hughes Medical Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-0178-7995

Funding

Programmable RNA-targeting toolsR01HG009761 · NHGRI · BROAD INSTITUTE, INC. · PI ZHANG, FENG · 2017 to 2024
$7.5M
Exploration of Diverse Mobile Genetic Elements for Precision Genome ManipulationDP1HL141201 · NHLBI · BROAD INSTITUTE, INC. · PI ZHANG, FENG · 2017 to 2021
$6.2M
NHGRI NIH HHS R01 HG009761NHLBI NIH HHS DP1 HL141201
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

IscB proteins are putative nucleases encoded in a distinct family of IS200/IS605 transposons and are likely ancestors of the RNA-guided endonuclease Cas9, but the functions of IscB and its interactions with any RNA remain uncharacterized. Using evolutionary analysis, RNA sequencing, and biochemical experiments, we reconstructed the evolution of CRISPR-Cas9 systems from IS200/IS605 transposons. We found that IscB uses a single noncoding RNA for RNA-guided cleavage of double-stranded DNA and can be harnessed for genome editing in human cells. We also demonstrate the RNA-guided nuclease activity of TnpB, another IS200/IS605 transposon-encoded protein and the likely ancestor of Cas12 endonucleases. This work reveals a widespread class of transposon-encoded RNA-guided nucleases, which we name OMEGA (obligate mobile element–guided activity), with strong potential for developing as biotechnologies.

Indexed as

Evolution, MolecularRNA, Guide, CRISPR-Cas SystemsBacterial ProteinsConserved SequenceCRISPR-Associated Protein 9CRISPR-Associated ProteinsCRISPR-Cas SystemsDNA Transposable ElementsEndodeoxyribonucleasesGenetic CodeGenetic VariationRNA, UntranslatedBacterial ProteinsCas12a proteinCRISPR-Associated Protein 9CRISPR-Associated ProteinsDNA Transposable ElementsEndodeoxyribonucleasesRNA, Guide, CRISPR-Cas SystemsRNA, Untranslated

Identifiers

PMID34591643
PMCPMC8929163

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.