ArticleJournal of anatomy2022
ACE2 and TMPRSS2 in human saliva can adsorb to the oral mucosal epithelium.
Article in Journal of anatomy, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 43 citations in OpenAlex.
- Exploring Spike-Dependent and ACE2-Independent SARS-CoV-2 Interactions with Salivary Epithelial Cells in the Absence of ACE2.Biology · 2026Article
- Profiling of proteases involved in SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis in human saliva: Influence of age and gender.Journal, genetic engineering & biotechnology · 2025Article
- A Comparative Study on Genotoxic and Oxidative DNA Damage in Oral Epithelial Cells of COVID-19 Suspected Patients.Cureus · 2025Article
- Analysis of Biomarker Levels in Nasopharyngeal Swabs, Serum, and Saliva Across Different Health Conditions.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Submandibular Gland Pathogenesis Following SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Implications for Xerostomia.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Host-microbiome associations in saliva predict COVID-19 severity.PNAS nexus · 2024Article
- Review
- Pathological changes in oral epithelium and the expression of SARS-CoV-2 entry receptors, ACE2 and furin.PloS one · 2024Article
- COVID-19 on Oral Health: A New Bilateral Connection for the Pandemic.Biomedicines · 2023Review
- The Oral Cavity Potentially Serving as a Reservoir for SARS-CoV-2 but Not Necessarily Facilitating the Spread of COVID-19 in Dental Practice.European journal of dentistry · 2023Article
- Bioaccumulation Pattern of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Proteins in Pacific Oyster Tissues.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2023Article
- Detection of COVID-19-related biomarkers by electrochemical biosensors and potential for diagnosis, prognosis, and prediction of the course of the disease in the context of personalized medicine.Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry · 2023Review
- Review
- Progress in salivary glands: Endocrine glands with immune functions.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Review
- Determination of soluble angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 in saliva samples and its association with nicotine.Environmental research · 2023Article
- Can Lactoferrin, a Natural Mammalian Milk Protein, Assist in the Battle against COVID-19?Nutrients · 2022Review
- Persistent erythematous candidiasis as a sequela after SARS-CoV-2 infection: A case report.Oral surgery · 2022Article
- Oral Antiseptics against SARS-CoV-2: A Literature Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Review
- [Omicron Variant of SARS-CoV-2 and Its Potential Impact on Dental Practice].Sichuan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Sichuan University. Medical science edition · 2022Review
- ACE2 and TMPRSS2 in human saliva can adsorb to the oral mucosal epithelium.Journal of anatomy · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is primarily transmitted through droplets. All human tissues with the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and transmembrane protease serines 2 (TRMPRSS2) are potential targets of SARS-CoV-2. The role of saliva in SARS-CoV-2 transmission remains obscure. In this study, we attempted to reveal ACE2 and TRMPRSS2 protein expression in human parotid, submandibular, and sublingual glands (three major salivary glands). Then, the binding function of spike protein to ACE2 in three major salivary glands was detected. The expression of ACE2 and TMPRSS2 in human saliva from parotid glands were both examined. Exogenous recombined ACE2 and TMPRSS2 anchoring and fusing to oral mucosal epithelial cells in vitro were also unraveled. ACE2 and TMPRSS2 were found mainly to be expressed in the cytomembrane and cytoplasm of epithelial cells in the serous acinus cells in parotid and submandibular glands. Our research also discovered that the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 binds to ACE2 in salivary glands in vitro. Furthermore, exogenous ACE2 and TMPRSS2 can anchor and fuse to oral mucosa in vitro. Thus, the expression of ACE2 and TMPRSS2 in human saliva might have implications for SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Registered trials
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