Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34589904›Full record

ReviewBrain, behavior, & immunity - health2020

Microbial metabolites and immune regulation: New targets for major depressive disorder.

Andrea Merchak, Alban Gaultier

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Brain, behavior, & immunity - health, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
15citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

15 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Andrea MerchakUniversity of Virginia, Center for Brain Immunology and Glia, Department of Neuroscience, 409 Lane Road, MR4 Research Building, Room, 5124, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA.
Alban GaultierUniversity of Virginia, Center for Brain Immunology and Glia, Department of Neuroscience, 409 Lane Road, MR4 Research Building, Room, 5124, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA.

Funding

Meningeal immunity - a middleman between gut microbiome and the brainR33MH108156 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA · PI GAULTIER, ALBAN P, KIPNIS, JONATHAN · 2017 to 2019
$1.3M
NIMH NIH HHS R33 MH108156
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Treatments for depression and mood disorders have been singularly targeted at the brain without consideration for the context of the rest of the body. As evidence mounts for a role of autoimmunity and inflammation as risk factors and contributors to mood disorders, attention has shifted to one of the primary immunoregulatory organs in the body--the gut. Gut-brain interactions have been established and correlative links between the microbiome and mood have been examined, but with novel tools and a base of understanding, focus shifts to the mechanisms of these communications. In this review, we examine how the small molecules produced by metabolic processes of bacteria in the gut influence the host immune system. The gaps in knowledge discussed here include the under characterized diversity of small molecules crossing the gut walls, as well as the need to close the logical loop connecting the microbiome to the immune system, and the immune system to behavior and mood. As we move past the dawn of this field, more precise understanding using novel tools and techniques will help move toward a more informed and systematic process for clinically evaluating the efficacy of probiotics and bacterially derived compounds as antidepressants and mood regulators.

Identifiers

PMID34589904
PMCPMC8474524

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.