Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34589899›Full record

ArticleBrain, behavior, & immunity - health2020

Exploring the relationship between fatigue and circulating levels of the pro-inflammatory biomarkers interleukin-6 and C-reactive protein in the chronic stage of stroke recovery: A cross-sectional study.

Prajwal Gyawali, Madeleine Hinwood, Wei Zhen Chow, Murielle Kluge, Lin Kooi Ong, Michael Nilsson, Frederick Rohan Walker

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Brain, behavior, & immunity - health, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
14citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
1.2field-weighted citation impact, top 21% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 19 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Neuroimmune Mechanisms and Emerging Intervention Strategies for Post-Stroke Fatigue: A Narrative Review.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2026
    Review
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Are central and systemic inflammation associated with fatigue in cerebral small vessel disease?International journal of stroke : official journal of the International Stroke Society · 2024
    Article
  8. Observational
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Review
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Prajwal GyawaliSchool of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy and Priority Research Centre for Stroke and Brain Injury, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.
Madeleine HinwoodSchool of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.
Wei Zhen ChowSchool of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy and Priority Research Centre for Stroke and Brain Injury, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.
Murielle KlugeSchool of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy and Priority Research Centre for Stroke and Brain Injury, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.
Lin Kooi OngSchool of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy and Priority Research Centre for Stroke and Brain Injury, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.
Michael NilssonSchool of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy and Priority Research Centre for Stroke and Brain Injury, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.
Frederick Rohan WalkerSchool of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy and Priority Research Centre for Stroke and Brain Injury, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.
Hunter Medical Research Institute · AUMonash University Malaysia · MYUniversity of Southern Queensland · AU

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe precise mechanisms underlying the aetiology of post-stroke fatigue remain poorly understood. Inflammation has been associated with clinically significant fatigue across a number of neurological disorders; however, at present there is a lack of evidence regarding the association of fatigue and inflammation in the chronic phase of stroke recovery.

aimsThe aim of this study was to examine fatigue in a cohort of stroke survivors in the chronic phase of stroke, compared with matched controls, and to explore associations between the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-6, high-sensitivity C-reactive Protein and fatigue.

methodsWe performed an exploratory cross-sectional study of 70 people in the chronic phase of stroke recovery, and 70 age matched controls. Fatigue was assessed using the Fatigue Assessment Scale. Interleukin-6 was measured in serum using a commercially available enzyme immunoassay kit. Both outcome measures were assessed contemporaneously.

resultsClinically significant fatigue, defined as a score ≥24 on the Fatigue Assessment Scale, was reported by 60% of stroke survivors, and 15.7% of controls. The odds of experiencing clinically significant fatigue was 8.04 times higher among stroke survivors compared to control participants (odds ratio 8.045; 95% CI: 3.608, 17.939;

conclusionsThis study shows that fatigue may be associated with systemic inflammation in the chronic phase of stroke. The pathological mechanisms underlying post-stroke fatigue and its clinical implications require further study.

Indexed as

C-reactive proteinFatigueInflammationInterleukin-6RecoveryStroke

Identifiers

PMID34589899
PMCPMC8474182
OpenAlexW3091908983

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.