ArticleBrain, behavior, & immunity - health2020
Psychosis as an adverse effect of antibiotics.
Article in Brain, behavior, & immunity - health, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 41 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association Between Doxycycline Chemoprophylaxis and the Development of Gastrointestinal Conditions in Military Personnel: A Systematic Review.Military medicine · 2026Pooled it
- A systematic review of gut microbiota composition in observational studies of major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder and schizophrenia.Molecular psychiatry · 2022Pooled it
- Case report: Delayed onset rash, delirium, and cross allergic reactions caused by sequential administration of cefoperazone sulbactam, meropenem, and piperacillin tazobactam.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Article
- Amoxicillin and Clarithromycin Use and Delirious Mania in an Adolescent With Recurrent Catatonia and Psychosis.Cureus · 2026Article
- Predictors of postoperative visual and auditory hallucinations in hypertensive vs. non-hypertensive cardiac surgery patients: insights from the prospective multicenter VAACS study.Journal of cardiothoracic surgery · 2026Article
- Unsuspected Adverse Drug Reactions to Dermatologic Medications: An Epidemiological Hypothesis-Free Screening Study of Real-World Data in Denmark.Drug safety · 2026Article
- Impact of risk mitigation measures on oral fluoroquinolone prescribing: a multi-site population-based Canadian cohort study.Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique · 2026Article
- Article
- Article
- Blood Microbiome Analysis Reveals Biomarkers of Treatment Response in Drug-Naïve Patients with First-Episode Psychosis: A Pilot Study.Microorganisms · 2025Article
- Beyond Infection: A Case of Doxycycline-Induced Mania and Prolonged Neuropsychiatric Disturbance.Cureus · 2025Article
- Fluoroquinolones: what do GPs need to know?The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners · 2025Article
- Guarding minds: a narrative review on how n-acetylcyteine and ketones could shield sensitive patients from antibiotic neurotoxicity.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Review
- An Update on Microbial Interventions in Autism Spectrum Disorder with Gastrointestinal Symptoms.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Review
- Case Files of the Emory University Medical Toxicology Fellowship: A Patient Presents to the Outpatient Toxicology Clinic with Delusions of Being Poisoned.Journal of medical toxicology : official journal of the American College of Medical Toxicology · 2024Article
- Antibiotic-induced neuropsychiatric toxicity: epidemiology, mechanisms and management strategies - a narrative literature review.Drugs in context · 2024Review
- BioAct-Het: A Heterogeneous Siamese Neural Network for Bioactivity Prediction Using Novel Bioactivity Representation.ACS omega · 2023Article
- Cefaclor causes vagus nerve-mediated depression-like symptoms with gut dysbiosis in mice.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Stress, inflammation, microbiome and depression.Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Adverse neuropsychiatric effects of antibiotic medications have been well documented. There is evidence suggesting a direct relationship between acute psychosis and antibiotic exposure. Conversely, the tetracycline antibiotic minocycline has been associated with improvements in psychopathology in patients with psychotic disorders. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the prevalence of spontaneously reported adverse drug reactions (ADRs) of psychotic symptoms in adults for antibiotics and the odds of psychosis compared to minocycline for individual antibiotics and antibiotic classes. We searched the publicly available U.S. F.D.A. Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) from inception through March 2020 for which an antibiotic was the suspected agent of an adverse drug reaction (ADR). We investigated 23 different antibiotics, comprising 183,265 adverse event reports and 2955 psychosis ADRs. For individual antibiotics, the prevalence of psychosis ADRs ranged from 0.3 to 3.8%. Fifteen antibiotics were associated with a significantly increased odds of psychosis (OR = 1.67-9.48), including penicillins, fluoroquinolones, macrolides, cephalosporins, and doxycycline. Our results suggest that psychosis is a potential adverse effect of antibiotic treatment, but risks vary by specific agents. Future studies in this area are needed to identify specific underlying biological mechanisms that contribute to these associations. Findings may also inform on clinical decisions regarding the selection of antibiotic therapy in vulnerable patient populations.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.