ReviewBrain, behavior, & immunity - health2020
Stress and brain immunity: Microglial homeostasis through hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal gland axis and sympathetic nervous system.
Review in Brain, behavior, & immunity - health, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed.
- Reducing concerns about falling in older adults: evaluation of a multi-component intervention and the role of stress and inflammation markers - long-term effects of the FEARFALL randomized controlled trial.Aging clinical and experimental research · 2026Trial
- Taurine Attenuates Repeated Heat Stress-Induced Male Reproductive Dysfunction in Mice: Associations with HPG Axis Homeostasis and Hypothalamic Microglial Changes.Reproductive sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.) · 2026Article
- Gut microbiota as key mediators of animal acclimation to temperature changes: mechanisms and interventions.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2026Review
- Polygala oligosaccharide esters improve memory disorder by restoring gut microbiota homeostasis through the regulation of the "gut-brain" axis.Chinese medicine · 2026Article
- An Evaluation Study of PET Image Quality Factors in Brain Tumor Diagnosis.Tomography (Ann Arbor, Mich.) · 2026Article
- The Immuno-Glial Connectome in Alzheimer's Disease: Integrating Central and Peripheral Inflammatory Networks.Cellular and molecular neurobiology · 2026Review
- Harnessing Dietary Tryptophan: Bridging the Gap Between Neurobiology and Psychiatry in Depression Management.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Stress-Induced Disruption of Circadian and Neuroimmune Networks in Lacrimal Glands Drives Dry Eye Pathogenesis.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2025Article
- Targeting concerns about falling to modulate biological stress systems: Effects of a multicomponent randomized controlled trial in older adults.Comprehensive psychoneuroendocrinology · 2025Article
- The functional role of locus coeruleus microglia in the female stress response.Molecular psychiatry · 2025Article
- Advances in research on the pathogenesis and signaling pathways associated with postoperative delirium (Review).Molecular medicine reports · 2025Review
- The Role of Complexity Theory in Understanding Brain's Neuron-Glia Interactions.The European journal of neuroscience · 2025Review
- Isorhamnetin Alleviates Inflammation-Induced Crosstalk between Kynurenine Pathway and Gut Microbiota in Depressed Mice.Biomolecules & therapeutics · 2025Article
- Adaptogens in Long-Lasting Brain Fatigue: An Insight from Systems Biology and Network Pharmacology.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- The mediating effect of serum cortisol between stigma and post-stroke depression in stroke patients.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Exploring the Therapeutic Mechanism of Jianpi Zhidong Decoction on Tourette Syndrome Based on Proteomics and Network Pharmacology.Drug design, development and therapy · 2025Article
- Bridging the Nervous-Endocrine System and Immune Response, in Human Chagas Disease Pathology.Neuroimmunomodulation · 2025Review
- Article
- Review
- Sex-dependent effects of acute stress and alcohol exposure during adolescence on mRNA expression of brain signaling systems involved in reward and stress responses in young adult rats.Biology of sex differences · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Stress has been well documented to bring about various clinical disorders, ranging from neurodegeneration, such as Parkinson's (PD) and Alzheimer's diseases (AD), to metabolic disorders including diabetes mellitus. Importantly, microglia, immunocompetent cells in the brain, have been shown to be involved in these clinical disorders. In the recent studies aiming to clarify the microglial responses, microglia are found to be quite responsive to stressful events, such as acute, subchronic, chronic stress, and social defeat stress. However, the mechanisms of these stress response on microglial activation have been not fully understood. In response to stress exposure, both the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) are simultaneously activated, with the former inducing glucocorticoids (GCs) and the latter noradrenaline (NA), respectively. However, the effects of these stress-induced GCs and NA have not been consistent. The GCs, conventionally known to act on microglia as immunosuppressant, is also reported to act on it as stimulator. Similarly, the NA has been reported to act on microglia as stimulator or inhibitor depending on environmental conditions. Since any kinds of stress upregulate the HPA axis and SNS, with the levels of upregulation variable depending on the stress type, it is plausible that microglia is closely regulated by these two stress pathways. In this review, we discuss the microglial responses induced by various stresses as well as the possible mechanism by which stress induces microglial activation.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.